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This introduction describes the challenge of comparing beneficence practices in the Ottoman Empire and in the Habsburg Empire, which led to the workshop behind the Special Issue. Lenses proposed by histoire comparée and micro-history, this text argues, may supplement each other in this task. The editors' research on Greek Orthodox merchants, who migrated from the Ottoman Empire into the Habsburg Lands and left rich archival sources connected to their beneficence, illustrates the possibility of not only micro-historically reconstructing their endowments (or other beneficiary practices), but to relate them to the entangled history of the Ottoman and the Habsburg Empire – two imperial spaces that both shaped the cultural horizon and the administrative and legal options of the founders and overseers of endowments. The contributions of the invited workshop guests introduce questions of changing moral views on philanthropy in Central Europe, confessional parallels and differences in beneficent attitudes of small migrant communities and on generational patterns in creating and administrating endowments. Continuity and change in the relationship between traditions of philanthropy and changing political and socio-economical environments are addressed particularly as regards the transition from the Byzantine to the Ottoman system, the importance of state-organized philanthropy for the Ottoman economy of the 17th century and finally the contesting models of private and ecclesiastical beneficence among the Greek Orthodox after the Tanzimat reforms.

Title Page -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Body -- Introduction -- Tobias Ebbrecht-Hartmann: Socialist Competition or Window to the World? -- Andreas Kötzing: Cultural and Film Policy in the Cold War -- Dunja Jelenković: The Film Festival as an Arena for Political Debate -- Regina Câmara: From Karlovy Vary to Cannes -- Anne Bruch: "Just think of the possibilities of dissemination…" -- Yulia Yurtaeva: "Jetzt 'festivalt' auch die Television" -- Maria A. Stassinopoulou: Scenes from A Marriage -- Stefano Pisu: Transnational Mobilization and Domestic Political Exploitation -- John Wäfler: The Surveillance of Film Festivals in Switzerland -- Dragan Batančev: The Belgrade FEST, or What Happened When Peckinpah Met Wajda -- Index of Authors

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Body -- Florian Kührer-Wielach / Oliver Rathkolb: Introduction -- Florian Kührer-Wielach: Habsburg Revenants on Victory Road. Greater Romania's Integration Process 1918-33 -- 1. A Vision for a New Country -- 2. Hope: 1928 -- 3. 1918 - a Decisive Moment without a Decision -- 4. A Look Back at the Late Danube Monarchy -- 5. A Look Back at the "Old Kingdom" of Romania -- 6. The "Great Unification" in Figures -- 7. Minorities in Greater Romania -- 8. A Transylvanian Episode, 1919/1920 -- 9. Institutional Transformation -- Centralization -- Romanianization -- Socialization -- 10. Habsburg Revenants on Victory Road -- 11. Another Moment of Hope: 1928 -- 12. Escalation of Violence and the End of Hope -- 13. Starting Shots for an Authoritarian Era -- 14. Selected Bibliography -- Katharina Ebner: Ideology Transfer of Italian Fascism. Fascist Transmission Belts in Vienna and Budapest -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fascist Transmission Belts: Ideology Transfer via Fasci, Language/Culture and the Church -- 2.1 The Fascist Transmission Belt of Fasci all'estero -- 2.2 The Fascist Transmission Belt of Language/Culture -- 2.3 The Fascist Transmission Belt of the Church -- 3. The Rise and Decline of Italian Fascism in Vienna -- 3.1 Austrian National Characteristics -- 3.2 Phases of the Reception of Fascism in Vienna and their Impact on Fascist Transmission Belts -- 4. The Rise and Decline of Italian Fascism in Budapest -- 4.1 Hungarian National Characteristics -- 4.2 Phases of the Reception of Fascism in Budapest and their Impact on Fascist Transmission Belts -- 5. Concluding remarks -- 5.1 Mussolini's Ideological Goals in the Danube Region -- 5.2 The Centrality of Language and Knowledge about the Country -- 5.3 The Fascist Challenge in Europe -- 5.4 Outlook -- 6. Selected Bibliography.