Suchergebnisse

When drawings are copied repeatedly in sequence by different people, they tend to undergo characteristic processes of change. Parts of an image become separated out, the whole design is flattened, the outline is emphasized, and perspective occlusion is removed. The drawing becomes more abstract, more schematic—in a word, more diagrammatic. This article focuses on such drawing processes and on the results of experiments in repeated copying by anthropologists, psychologists, architectural students, and Surrealists. The tentative conclusion is that designs are represented mentally in a 'diagrammatic' way that affects not only how they are seen but also how they are changed when reproduced.

ResumenEl reconocimiento por parte de los científicos y políticos de la gravedad del efecto invernadero y la probabilidad de un calentamiento global, hace cada vez más urgente la necesidad de conservación de la energía. Algunos de los temas incluidos en los programas de investigación y desarrollo del decenio de 1970 tras la crisis de la OPEP en los años 1973/4 y que en el decenio de 1980 parecieron caer en el olvido con la estabilización de los precios del petróleo, han vuelto ahora a cobrar protagonismo.Me gustaría mostrarles rápidamente algunas estadísticas referentes a las pautas actuales de consumo de energía en Gran Bretaña y de las consiguientes emisiones de dióxido de carbono. Soy consciente de que la situación en Gran Bretaña puede ser bastante diferente a la de España. No obstante, estas cifras les servirán posiblemente para conocer el contexto de algunos trabajos de investigación sobre configuración y densidad urbanas que estamos realizando y que espero que tengan interés más allá del ámbito local.AbstractThe recognition by scientists and politicians of the seriousness of the greenhouse effect and the likelihood of global warming brings renewed urgency to the need for energy conservation. Issues which were on the research and policy agendas in the '70s after the OPEC shock of 1973/4, and then seemed to recede again during the `80s as oil prices stabilised. are now back with a vengeance.I would like to show you briefly some statistics relating to current patterns of energy use in Britain, and the emissions of carbon dioxide which result. I appreciate that the British situation may be rather different from that of Spain. But these figures will perhaps serve to show you the context for some research work on urban form and urban density that we have been doing, which I hope may be of more than just local interest.