Suchergebnisse

"Der Autor widmet sich in seinem Beitrag den Perspektiven der Maquiladora-Industrie Mexikos. Obwohl schon seit Mitte der sechziger Jahre existent, hat diese vor allem seit Beginn der achtziger Jahre ein rapides Wachstum aufzuweisen, das sich einerseits auf das im internationalen Vergleich niedrige Lohnniveau, andererseits auf die wachsende Rolle des Intra-Firmenhandels im US-mexikanischen Handel zurückführen läßt. Eine umfassende Analyse der Maquiladora-Industrie, die 1995 für knapp 40 Prozent der Exporte des Landes verantwortlich war, zeigt, daß sie zwar eine Vielzahl von Arbeitsplätzen schafft und zu erheblichen Deviseneinnahmen führt, ihr Beitrag zur Entwicklung Mexikos jedoch aufgrund ihres Enklavencharakters, der niedrigen Multiplikatoreffekte, des mangelnden Technologietransfers, der Außenabhängigkeit und der niedrigen Löhne sehr begrenzt ist. Zentraler Ansatzpunkt zur Erhöhung des Entwicklungsbeitrags dieses Sektors wäre die Steigerung des Anteils der nationalen Vorprodukte, die den Enklavencharakter reduzieren und die Multiplikatoreffekte und den Technologietransfer erhöhen würde. Obwohl die Maquiladora-Industrie kurzfristig durch das NAFTA-Abkommen nicht berührt wird, zeichnen sich mittelfristig Angleichungstendenzen zur verarbeitenden Industrie ab. Schon jetzt allerdings steigt aufgrund der Ursprungsregeln der NAFTA die Nachfrage nach lokalen Zulieferern, so daß die Chance einer vertieften Integration der Maquiladora-Industrie in greifbare Nähe zu rücken scheint." (Autorenreferat)

Computer-generated three-dimensional animation holds great promise for synthesizing utterances in American Sign Language (ASL) that are not only grammatical, but well-tolerated by members of the Deaf community. Unfortunately, animation poses several challenges stemming from the necessity of grappling with massive amounts of data. However, the linguistics of ASL may aid in surmounting the challenge by providing structure and rules for organizing animation data. An exploration of the linguistic and extralinguistic behavior of the brows from an animator's viewpoint yields a new approach for synth.

Natural languages come in two different modalities. The impact of modality on the grammatical structure and linguistic theory has been discussed at great length in the last 20 years. By contrast, the impact of modality on linguistic data elicitation and collection, corpus studies, and experimental (psycholinguistic) studies is still underinvestigated. In this article, we address specific challenges that arise in judgment data elicitation and experimental studies of sign languages. These challenges are related to the socio-linguistic status of the Deaf community and the larger variability across signers within the same community, to the social status of sign languages, to properties of the visual-gestural modality and its interface with gesture, to methodological aspects of handling sign language data, and to specific linguistic features of sign languages. While some of these challenges also pertain to (some varieties of) spoken languages, other challenges are more modality-specific. The special combination of the challenges discussed in this article seems to be a specific facet empirical research on sign languages is faced with. In addition, we discuss the complementarity of theoretical approaches and experimental studies and show how the interaction of both approaches contributes to a better understanding of sign languages in particular and linguistic structures in general. ; This contribution has been made possible, thanks to the SIGN-HUB project, which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 693349. JQ contribution is also made possible by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness and FEDER Funds (FFI2015-68594-P) and by the Government of the Generalitat de Catalunya (2017 SGR 1478). MS contribution is made possible by the German Science foundation (DFG-AZ: STE 958/8-1).

This paper presents the results of a Sentence Reproduction Task (SRT) investigating conditional sentences in German Sign Language (DGS). We found that participants mark conditional sentences in DGS by systematically using different non-manual markers on the antecedent and the consequent. In addition, these non-manual markers were frequently used in combination with one or two manual signs. However, the manual markers were omitted in the test sentences, i.e., the input stimuli the participants were asked to reproduce. The results of our experimental study are, on the one hand, consistent with descriptions of manual and non-manual strategies used to mark conditional sentences in different unrelated sign languages. On the other hand, our findings provide new insights on the multi-layered marking of conditional sentences in DGS.