Location Fingerprinting for Ultra-Wideband Systems: The Key to Efficient and Robust Localization
In: Series in Wireless Communications Ser. v.11
Intro -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Motivation -- 1.2 Ultra-Wideband Wireless Communication -- 1.3 Ultra-Wideband Positioning Systems -- 1.3.1 Geometric Position Location -- 1.3.2 Location Fingerprinting -- 1.4 Contributions -- 2 Location Fingerprinting: A Communication Theoretic Perspective -- 2.1 Problem Formulation -- 2.2 Deterministic Location Fingerprints -- 2.3 Novel Position Location Concept - "Geo-Regioning" -- 2.4 Location Fingerprinting as Hypothesis Testing Problem -- 2.4.1 Average Positioning Error -- 2.4.2 Total Probability of Error -- 2.4.3 Location Fingerprinting with Multiple Observations per Agent -- 2.4.4 Pairwise Error Probabilities -- 3 Channel Measurement Campaign -- 3.1 Measurement Setup -- 3.2 Measurement Scenario -- 3.3 Impact of Antennas -- 3.4 Measurement Signal-to-Noise Ratio -- 3.5 Energy Normalization -- 3.6 Temporal Alignment -- 3.6.1 Problem Formulation -- 3.6.2 Maximum Absolute Value Alignment -- 4 Location Fingerprinting with a Coherent Receiver -- 4.1 Choice of the Location Fingerprints -- 4.2 Regional Channel Model -- 4.2.1 Marginal Distribution of Channel Taps -- 4.2.2 Second Order Statistics -- 4.2.3 Summary -- 4.3 Distortions of the Location Fingerprints -- 4.3.1 Antenna Patterns -- 4.3.2 Thermal Noise and Time Variations -- 4.4 Position Location and Clustering Systems -- 4.4.1 Training Phase -- 4.4.2 Localization Phase -- 4.5 Analytical Pairwise Error Probabilities -- 4.6 Theoretical and Experimental Performance Analysis -- 4.6.1 Randomized Cross-Validation Method -- 4.6.2 Default System Parameters -- 4.6.3 Number of Training Signals -- 4.6.4 Conditional and Pairwise Error Probabilities -- 4.6.5 Distortion Analysis -- 4.6.6 Signal Bandwidth -- 4.6.7 Observation Window Size -- 4.7 Summary and Conclusions -- 5 Location Fingerprinting with a Generalized Energy Detection Receiver.