Suchergebnisse

Islam plays a pivotal political role in Southeast Asian countries, where the governments that have ruled since independence have been concerned with influencing the trajectory, content, hermeneutic and style of the legal traditions of their Muslim citizens and reconciling them with the states' wider policy objectives. This contribution looks at one particular tool for this form of 'guiding' Islam – the codification of Islam – comparing the codes in two Muslim-majority countries (Malaysia and Brunei) and two Muslim-minority countries (Singapore and the Philippines). Utilising comparative law methodologies, this article explores the structure, style and content of the codes in order to explicate their explicit and implied function. These codes are less concerned with being a statement of substantive Islamic law than with setting up a state-sanctioned bureaucracy for the administration of law for Muslims. These bureaucratic institutions were the key instruments for the states to develop their own brand of Islam. In doing so, the state's approach towards socially engineering Islam oscillates among appropriation, accommodation, control and subjugation of Islam in different political and legal frameworks.

Islam plays a pivotal political role in Southeast Asian countries, where the governments that have ruled since independence have been concerned with influencing the trajectory, content, hermeneutic and style of the legal traditions of their Muslim citizens and reconciling them with the states' wider policy objectives. This contribution looks at one particular tool for this form of 'guiding' Islam - the codification of Islam - comparing the codes in two Muslim-majority countries (Malaysia and Brunei) and two Muslim-minority countries (Singapore and the Philippines). Utilising comparative law methodologies, this article explores the structure, style and content of the codes in order to explicate their explicit and implied function. These codes are less concerned with being a statement of substantive Islamic law than with setting up a state-sanctioned bureaucracy for the administration of law for Muslims. These bureaucratic institutions were the key instruments for the states to develop their own brand of Islam. In doing so, the state's approach towards socially engineering Islam oscillates among appropriation, accommodation, control and subjugation of Islam in different political and legal frameworks. (JCSA/GIGA)

Der Erwerb staatsbürgerlicher Kompetenz stellt eine der Entwicklungsaufgaben dar, die Jugendliche zu bewältigen haben. Diese Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie sich das Verständnis von Staats- und Gesellschaftsordnungen entwickelt. Dabei wird von einem kognitiv- strukturalistischen Ansatz ausgegangen. Als ein Ergebnis der Einzelinterviews von 89 Schüler und Schülerinnen eines Gymnasiums wird festegestellt, daß mit den verschiedenen Entwicklungsstufen bestimmte Auffassungsweisen politischer Konzepte überzufällig einhergehen. Die Untersuchung bestätigt, daß sich im Laufe der Adoleszenz das politische Verständnis beträchtlich verändert, und daß diese Veränderungen einen bedeutsamen Zusammenhang zum kognitiven Entwicklungsniveau aufweisen. In dem Aufbau der verschiedenen politischen Weltbilder sind die typischen Merkmale konkret- und formal-operationalen Denkens sehr deutlich abgebildet. (GF)

Regional human rights mechanism are now in place covering nearly all five continents with the notable exception of Australia. Regional and international human rights protection are not meant to thwart each other. On the contrary, the regional protection of human rights is intended to back up and strengthen the international one by translating human rights into local languages and supporting them with additional protective mechanisms like commissions and courts that enforce regional human rights documents. In this volume, five experts from various continents will introduce regional human rights protection systems in Europe, Africa, Asia, Latin America and Australia providing an overview of the regional protections vis-à-vis the international one and then contextualising it in specific country context.