The impact of the tax system reform on business in the Republic of Serbia
In: Zbornik Matice Srpske za društvene nauke: Proceedings for social sciences, Heft 180, S. 589-604
ISSN: 2406-0836
The subject of the paper is the reform of the tax system and its impact on
the business of taxpayers. The authors conducted an analysis to determine
whether tax policy reform measures boost employment, stimulate the
population to start their own businesses, and reduce the informal economy by
reducing the amount and number of state and local levies. The research was
done in the Republic of Serbia by the survey method. Statistical testing of
the collected data was done with a software program developed for the
purposes of this research in the SPSS software package. The data were
processed by the statistical method of analysis of variance ANOVA and the
Levene?s test on the homogeneity of variance was performed. In order to draw
reliable conclusions, the research also includes official data on changes in
value added tax and income tax, as well as changes in Pension and Disability
Insurance Contributions, for the taxpayers of the Republic of Serbia, in the
total amount and by its components. The hypothesis ?Reform measures of tax
policy stimulate the population to start their own business and legal
business, which leads to a decrease in unemployment and an increase in the
budget? has been confirmed on the basis of this research. It can be
concluded that tax policy reform measures stimulate the population to start
a private business and legal business, which leads to a decrease in
unemployment and to an increase in the budget. The existence of a fairly
large volume of tax evasion produce consequences that can be serious for the
economy of the Republic Serbia. Reform measures have significantly reduced
tax evasion as well as contributed to the reduction of undeclared work and
the increase of funds in the budget. Survey respondents confirmed that the
stimulative tax policy strengthens private sector, and thereby reduce the
gray economy and increase the funds in the budget. The full effect of the
reform measures is expected after the complete transition of taxpayersto
e-business, which would provide a complete insight into the state and
opportunities of the public sector. We can conclude that incentives from the
state in the form of tax exemptions and contributions for newly employed
workers have given significant results in terms of starting enterprise and
hiring new workers. Activities to detect and combat tax evasion and reform
the tax system can only be effective if they are planned and based on
scientific researches and advances.