Suchergebnisse

This paper discusses the experience and current status of EIA/SEA procedures and assessment methodologies in Serbia, aiming to propose strategies that can lead to effective integration of the SEA in spatial planning. Institutional and practical problems with regard to the regulations of EIA/SEA were considered. Experience from the past decade shows that implementation of EIA system in Serbia has not been effective as expected. New legislation on EIA and SEA is harmonized with corresponding EU Directives. First steps in the application of the SEA show that the main issues are screening, scooping and decision making. According to the research results, it is suggested that extra evaluation processes should be incorporated into current assessment procedures to improve their scientific validity and integrity.

Considerations of the environmental protection in spatial and urban plans in past decade have been based on propositions of the Law on Environmental protection, Law on planning and arrangement of settlements, and Spatial plan of Serbia, because other legislation did not offered suitable instruments. Recently adopted the Law on environmental protection introduce a new instrument for environmental protection in planning - the strategic environmental impact assessment (SEIA), which was regulated by the separate Law on strategic environmental impact assessment. Key characteristics of the law on strategic environmental impact assessment were analyzed in this paper, as well as problems and limitations in implementation of that law on spatial and urban plans. ; Razmatranje zaštite životne sredine u prostornim i urbanističkim planovima u protekloj deceniji zasnivalo se na propozicijama Zakona o zaštiti životne sredine, Zakona o planiranju i uređenju prostora i naselja i Prostornom planu Srbije, budući da drugi zakoni nisu ponudili pogodne instrumente. Nedavno usvojeni Zakon o zaštiti životne sredine uvodi novi instrument za zaštitu životne sredine u planiranju -'Stratešku procenu uticaja na životnu sredinu' (SPU), koja je regulisana posebnim Zakonom o strateškoj procenu uticaja na životnu sredinu. U radu se analizira značenje ključnih karakteristika strateske procene i odredbi zakona o strateškoj proceni, kao i problemi i ograničenja u primeni tog zakona na prostorne i urbanističke planove.

The development of the Safety Management System (SMS) in chemical industry appears as one of the important requirements introduced by the EU 'Seveso II' Directive on the control of major-accident hazards. This paper aims to provide a contribution regarding the SMS structure and the definition of the tools for assessing the effectiveness of this system by means of safety performance indicators. The performance indicators are linked to a reference values or policy targets, illustrating how far the SMS is from the desired level. We developed a system of performance indicators for SMS in chemical industry by using the concept of environmental performance indicators defined in standard ISO 14031. A set of three types of safety system performance indicators was proposed: management performance indicators, operational performance indicators and safety status indicators. These indicators represent the most important factors in the linkage between a possible cause of an accident and its effects.

Cities and towns are faced with various types of threat from the extraordinary events involving chemical and radiological materials as exemplified by major chemical accidents, radiological incidents, fires, explosions, traffic accidents, terrorist attacks, etc. On the other hand, many sensitive or vulnerable assets exist within cities, such as: settlements, infrastructures, hospitals, schools, churches, businesses, government, and others. Besides emergency planning, the land use planning also represents an important tool for prevention or reduction of damages on people and other assets due to unwanted events. This paper considers development of method for inclusion vulnerability assessment in land use planning with objective to assess and limit the consequences in cities of likely accidents involving hazardous materials. We made preliminary assessment of criticality and vulnerability of the assets within Belgrade city area in respect to chemical sites and transportation roads that can be exposed to chemical accidents, or terrorist attacks.