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"A new and authoritative study of Hitler's relationship with the German Army general staff in the period leading up to and during World War II. Examines the general staff's struggle to work effectively under Hitler, despite facing many challenges--not least the Führer's own divisive policies and directives. Illuminates the fractured nature of the German army command in the latter stages of the war as the general staff was marginalized by the Nazis. Dispels many widely held myths concerning the key staff officers that served the Third Reich, while also identifying their personal and collective failures and oversights. Analyzes and evaluates the army's involvement in the German resistance movement, the repercussions of the abortive assassination attempt against Hitler in the von Stauffenberg plot of 1944, and the unsuccessful bid to initiate Operation Valkyrie."--P. [4] of jacket

Climatic change is currently viewed as one of the main causes of the so‐called crisis of the early fourteenth century. It is well established thatEngland saw increased storminess and heavy rainfall in this period, but this article suggests that the impact of drought—which became a common feature of theEnglish climate during the 1320s and early 1330s—has been overlooked. Based primarily on a detailed analysis of account rolls for over 60 of the best‐documented manors in this period, the article establishes that drought brought devastating harvest failure and caused severe outbreaks of a number of diseases, plausibly including enteric infections, malaria, and winter and spring fevers. As a result, mortality surged and population levels fell in communities in affected regions, which were mainly confined to the southern and eastern counties ofEngland. The article concludes that such regional variation significantly affects our understanding of demographic, agricultural, and even fiscal trends in this period. Although we should not disregard the human factors influencing the impact of environmental shocks,England was plainly struck with indubitable force by extreme weather in this pivotal phase of the medieval economy.

Considers what life will be like for people who return to land they fled years before because of climate change. Special attention is given to such questions as whether it will be possible to grow traditional crops in areas that may be drier & hotter than before. People leaving refugee camps to return to their former homes are usually only provided with minimal support that does not allow them to make ends meet while waiting for their first harvest to mature. Adapted from the source document.