Suchergebnisse

In realizing unity in the legislation system in Indonesia, it is known that there is a Judicial Review conducted by the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court. Article 9 of Law Number 12 Year 2011 concerning the establishment of laws and regulations states that the Constitutional Court has the authority to examine the legality of a law with the test stone of the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia, while the Supreme Court has the authority to examine the legality of a legislation under the law with a test stone legislation. The Supreme Court in exercising its authority has issued the Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2011 on the Right to Material Test. In its development, the Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 Year 2011 needs to be refined, whether related to the definition of "laws and regulations" that become the competence of the Supreme Court, as well as the improvement of procedural law such as grace period of submission of answers, type of verdict, to the involvement of the parties in litigation a dispute on the Right to Material Test in the Supreme Court. The legal issues in this study are: (1) Competence of the Supreme Court in conducting examination of the petition for Material Test Rights; and (2) Procedural Law in the examination of the petition for Judicial Review of Judicial Rights by the Supreme Court. This research is legal research, with approach of statute approach and conceptual approach. From this study it is found that: (1) the definition of "legislation" which can be tested in the Supreme Court based on Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 Year 2011 is very open (open texture) and different from the definition of "legislation as Article 1 Number 2 of Law Number 12 Year 2011; and (2) in relation to the procedural law at the examination of the Material Rights Trial in the Supreme Court, it is known that the grace period of the response of only 14 (fourteen) days, the inappropriate "unlawful" decision, the involvement of the parties only submission of requests and ...

After the Reformation, several responsive laws were enacted, including Law Number 30 Year 2014 on Government Administration. The Government Administration Act is the legal basis for the government in carrying out governmental measures that provide legal protection for citizens for theactions of unlawful bodies / government officials. In the context of legal protection for the people through juridical control by the State Administrative Court, since the enactment of the Administrative Administration Law the competence that became the object of dispute in the State Administrative Court is wider, ie not only the Administrative Decision of the State, but also includes Government Action, Positive fictions, and testing of judgments of elements of abuse of authority. However, the extension of the competence of the State Administrative Court under the Government Administration Act has not been followed by the amendment of the State Administrative Justice Law, so in some cases there is an antinomy between the two laws. Such antinomies are aboutunderstanding the Decision of State Administration as well as about the enforcement of fictitious or negative fictitious lawsuits / requests. In the case of the subject of dispute, the provisions in the State Administrative Justice Act and the Administrative Law are relatively the same, in which thePlaintiff is a Civil Legal Entity, the Defendant is the State Administrative Agency / Officer, and the Intervention Party is a Civil Law Person . However, in the Government Administration Act there is a special case in the form of examination of the element of abuse of authority, where the Applicant isthe State Administration Officers / Officers. Against the antinomy and disharmonization between the State Administrative Justice Act as the formal law and the Government Administration Law as the material law, this paper seeks to conduct legal studies with the approach of legislation andconceptual approach, which is intended to realize harmonization and synchronization Between the two laws and regulations, so that the legal protection for the people will be realized through better handling of State Administration dispute in the State Administrative Court.

HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) has long been an issue along with the continued attention of various circles around the world, especially the health sector. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the relationship with the health workers in health centers stigma on people living with HIV Talun Blitar regency. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a population of 36 respondents that all the research sample. Collecting data using questionnaires. Analysis of data using statistical test Pearson and Spearman rho correlation with p  0.05. There is no relationship between education and stigma on people living with HIV, with a value of p = 0.367 in Spearman rho correlation test. There is a relationship between long working with the stigma on people living with HIV, with p = 0.046 in correlatioan Pearson test. There is a relationship between knowledge of HIV/AIDS stigma on people living with HIV, with p = 0.035 in correlatioan Pearson test. Need more attention from policy makers at government level for programs of prevention of transmission of HIV/AIDS among health workers, by providing a uniform and continuous training to all health workers.

Al-Quran is the revelation of Allah S.W.T which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad as a guide for the whole life of mankind, not only Muslims in particular. For this reason, the Koran is an oasis in human life that is used as a guide in life. The originality of the Koran as a holy book is very guaranteed unlike other books, which until now have not been authentic and original, due to human behavior that dares to change and distort and there is no guarantee of originality certainty. Whereas in the Koran and the Hadith of the Prophet discuss the issue of Immortality or servitude to God is one of the responsibilities of man and Jin, naturally created by Allah. So that all the dynamics of human life on earth should be based on ubudiyah principles and values, both activities that are political, educational, economic, social, and so on. According to Imam al-Tabari in his interpretation; that the purpose of Allah creating man and jinn is to serve Him, if they do good they will be rewarded with reward, but if they do bad, then they will be rewarded with punishment later on the Day of Judgment. This, is not based on the needs of God, humans worship, but for the sake of benefit and the benefits also return to humans themselves.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi pendidikan demokrasi pada mata pelajaran IPS di SMA Negeri 6 Takalar (2) Untuk mengetahui apakah faktor-faktor penghambat pada implementasi pendidikan demokrasi dalam proses pembelajaran IPS di SMA Negeri 6 Takalar dan (3) Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pendukung pada implementasi pendidikan demokrasi dalam proses pembelajaran IPS di SMA Negeri 6 Takalar.Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan naturalistik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 6 Takalar.Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu sumber data primer berupa hasil wawancara dan sumber data sekunder berupa dokumen-dokumen.Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 6 Takalar. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu kelas X IPS1. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) Implementasi Pendidikan Demokrasi Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS di SMA Negeri 6 Takalar sudah terimplementasikan dengan baik dengan nilai-nilai demokrasi yang ditanamkan yaitu toleransi, kerjasama, kebebasan berpendapat, kebebasan berpartisipasi, kebebasan berkelompok, menghormati orang lain, kepercayaan diri dan kesadaran akan perbedaan yang dilaksanakan melalui metode diskusi, ceramah, tanya jawab, Dan penugasan, (2) Faktor-Faktor Pendukung Pada Implementasi Pendidikan Demokrasi Dalam Proses Pembelajaran IPS di SMA Negeri 6 Takalar yaitu Sarana dan Prasarana pendukung yang dimanfaatkan guru antara lain LCD, Laptop, dan beberapa buku referensi pendukung menjadi faktor penunjang keberhasilan proses pembelajaran, dan (3) Faktor-Faktor Penghambat Pada Implementasi Pendidikan Demokrasi Dalam Proses Pembelajaran IPS di SMA Negeri 6 Takalar yaitu Perbedaan individual, perbedaan kemampuan antar siswa menjadi sesuatu yang tidak terhindarkan, karena setiap siswa memiliki kemampuan yang berbeda.Kata kunci : Pendidikan Demokrasi, Mata Pelajaran IPS

The allocation of land use in Indonesia is very inefficient, while the distribution of tenure is unequal. Half of the land for cultivation is held by forestry, and the other half is used by various other sectors. Most Indonesian farmers are small- scale farmers who do not meet economies of scale. Agrarian reforms aimed at overcoming inefficiency in land use, eliminating inequality in land tenure, and promoting rural areas' prosperity need to involve land for cultivation allocated for forestry. This paper is written based on the author's experience of interacting with various parties related to land issues, forest areas and agrarian reform through various forums, such as official meetings, focus group discussions, seminars, workshops, symposiums, one-on-one discussions (interviews), and interactions through social media. Agrarian reform, which has been launched since 1960, has not been able to be realized until today. The fight seems to involve two large groups, namely environmentalists and developmentalists, but this kind of grouping is likely to be misleading. Environmental issues may only be used as an instrument to obtain economic benefits as well, not for the environment itself.

Indonesia's natural forest has been persistently declining, even with the fastest rate in the world, regardless of various efforts to stop the decline or at least to reduce the rate significantly. At the same time, development of plantation forest has been very slow. Amongst the various causes of the natural forest loss that have been identified, financial nonprofitability was not one of them. That being said, the fundamental reason as to why utilization of natural forest for timber production will not survive in the long run is because of financial nonprofitability. In order for a business to stay in the industry of the natural forest utilization, the government should provide financial incentives using public's money. Hence, the public support for the forestry is vital for the survival of the industry?. However, improper implementation of forestry laws can have damaging impacts to the public's perception and support. Moreover, the five policies, namely forest land establishment, fees, and royalties, log export ban, certification, and forest management unit establishment, which have failed to deliver sustainable natural production forests, are shortly discussed. Finally, the more appropriate approach of natural forest utilization is basically not as a sustainable forest management but rather as the optimal timber mining, which consequently requires different set of policies.

Tulisan ini disampaikan pada Seminar bulanan PPK UGM 15 Maret 1990 Sesuai dengan naskah aslinya, tulisan belum dilengkapi dengan abstraksi.

Menjelang akhir abad ke-20 ini, dalam derajat yang berbeda-beda hampir semua negara semakin gencar mengalami 5 desakan yang secara serempak menghentak dan membentur: globalisme, regionalisme, nasionalisme, provinsialisme dan lokalisme.Hentakan dan benturan itu kita raskan di Indonesia dengan semakin terkaitnya Indonesia dalam peraturan internasional di bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial-budaya, sains teknologi, militer dan lingkungan hidup dalam kurun waktu 30 tahun terakhir

This paper presents the results for testing for causal relationship between economic growth and goverment spending for OIC countries covering the time series data 1970~2006. There are usually two propositions regarding the relation between economic growth and government spending: Wagner's Law states that as GDP grows, the public sector tends to grow; and the Keynesian framework postulates that public expenditure causes GDP to grow. The primary strength and originality of this paper is that we used aggregate data as well as disaggregate data for Granger causality test. By testing for causality between economic growth and government spending, we find that government spending does cause economic growth in Iran, Nigeria and Tunisia, which are compatible with Keynesian's theory. However, the economic growth does cause the increase in goverment spending in Algeria, Burkina Faso, Benin, Indonesia, Libya Malaysia, Marocco, and Saudi, which are well-suited with Wagner's law.

Distortionary levy applied uniformly to all diameter classes of logs from logging natural forest can lead to inefficiencies; certain diameter should be left in the field because it is not economical to be used. Win-win or Pareto improving solution can be achieved if the government is more flexible. Social welfare is higher because of the waste that can be utilized to create employment, production and additional benefits for employers, as well as revenue for the state. Even if the levy rates are forced to zero for small-diameter timber, governments is actually not harmed at all because from the beginning the government does not get any revenue from small timber that is left in the field as waste. In scarcity situations of timber from natural forests, it is desirable if the government is considering differentiating charges in order to reduce or possibly eliminate the volume of waste generated by the levy. In general, tariff differentiation done in the form of higher tariffs for higher diameter logs. If possible, the lowest diameter limit of logs is forced down to its technical limits. That is, the processing tool that will determine how the minimum diameter logs can be processed profitably.Keywords: tariff differentiation, efficiency, timber utilization, government revenue, win-win solutionDOI: 10.7226/jtfm.19.2.163

Capturing economic rent from natural resources, particularly forests, frequently still creates disagreement between the government and businesses. The charges imposed by the government in the forms of reboisation fund (DR) and forest resource provision (PSDH) have been in place for very long time, accepted by all stakeholders, and supported by laws. Government policy regarding compensation for forest stand value (GRNT) creates controvercies. This paper intends to clarify problem of forest charges by returning it to its fundamental theories, e.g. economic theory of natural resouces. Economic rent of forests that are controlled by the government is the right of all Indonesia people. Henece, the government has responsibility for capturing the rent as much as possible in the most efficient way. If the stumpage is too low then it potentially promotes overcutting, whereas if it is too high then it makes forest business less attractive that potentially promotes illegal activities. In forestry, economic rent of forest has a special name, it is stumpage price. There are some difficulties in estimating a competitive stumpage price, wheter the one obtained through a direct competitive auction of standing timber or through calculation of residual price. Partly, the difficulties were generated by the government's own policies that strongly distorted log prices. Log export ban and vertical integration are the two most influential policies in distorting log prices. Actually, the government is able to design and implement a single charge to capture PSDH, DR, and GRNT so that their administration becomes much simpler and more efficient.

The game is an excellent medium for the development of children in infancy in order to improveintelligence, creativity, skilled, honest and disciplined. But parents should assist in conductingactivities such games, because with the rise of the game online / offline makes children forgetthemselves for duty, which is well studied. And the role of the teacher as an educator who has thetask of building the character of their students, it is expected that the teachers keep abreast ofinformation technology is expected to become professional teachers. Of institutions and socialagencies that this government ministries and communications technologies that can monitor andcontrol the circulation of a lively game both online and offline service providers and the gameitself, so that the parents would not worry about child development, because the child does notirregularities at his age.Keywords: game for education, game online/offline, education

Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen) : Preliminary facts and analyzes on the population outbreaks in Lampung Province. The migratory locust (locally known as belalang kembara), Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen (Orthoptera: Acrididae), has become a major insect pest in Lampung in recent years since its outbreak in 1998. Thousand hectares of agricultural fields were severely destroyed by the locust populations during the course of the outbreak. Local as well as national government were caught in surprised by the population upsurge with little information and technology available for controlling the pest. First presence of locust population was recorded in Kecamatan Pakuan Ratu in 1990. Area damage in the first year was ca. 60 ha. The population grew steadily over the years and reached its peak in April-May of 1998 when thousands of corn and rice fields were severely damaged. Country roads and fields were filled with millions of locust nymphs. Records of locust attacks during preliminary outbreaks from 1990 to 1998 also indicated that the insect started its outbreak from the same areas during those years, i.e. North Lampung District and northern Tulang Bawang District (two of the outmost northern of Lampung Province). Insect pest control experts were very concerned that the locust has established its populations in the region and could cause significant loss in the upcoming years. Control strategy and techniques based on the insect biology and population dynamics, therefore, should be explored and developed to manage future outbreaks. This paper discusses and analyzes preliminary facts and information on the migratory locust and possible strategies that could be implemented for managing the locust.