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This paper presents the results for testing for causal relationship between economic growth and goverment spending for OIC countries covering the time series data 1970~2006. There are usually two propositions regarding the relation between economic growth and government spending: Wagner's Law states that as GDP grows, the public sector tends to grow; and the Keynesian framework postulates that public expenditure causes GDP to grow. The primary strength and originality of this paper is that we used aggregate data as well as disaggregate data for Granger causality test. By testing for causality between economic growth and government spending, we find that government spending does cause economic growth in Iran, Nigeria and Tunisia, which are compatible with Keynesian's theory. However, the economic growth does cause the increase in goverment spending in Algeria, Burkina Faso, Benin, Indonesia, Libya Malaysia, Marocco, and Saudi, which are well-suited with Wagner's law.

This study aims to analyze the effect of government expenditures, household consumption and net exports on economic growth seen from the PDRB of Madura Island which consists of four districts namely Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep within a period of six years from 2011-2016. The data used in this study were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) estimated by panel data regression using the fixed effect method as the best method that resulted in the picture that government expenditures had a significant and negative effect, the household consumption was not significant and positive, net export had a significant effect and positive for gross regional domestic products that have an impact on economic growth on Madura island

The government issued an emergency public activity restrictions policy to reduce Covid 19 cases. This policy causes people to tend to hoard food to anticipate food shortages. In addition, this policy creates empathy among the community to help others because some people have difficulty earning income. This study determines the effect of subjective norms (SN), perceived behavior control (PBC), health awareness (HAW), perceived social support (PSS), and religiosity (RE) on the intention in hoarding food (INHF) and helping people (INHP) during restrictions. The respondents comprised 436 people from 22 provinces in Indonesia. Hypotheses were tested using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis method with Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) software. The results showed that SNHF affected INHF, while PBCHF and PBCHP positively affected the INHF and INHP. Moreover, PSS had a positive impact on the INHP, HAW negatively affected INHF and INHP, while RE does not affect INHF and INHP. This study analyzes the impact of the emergency public activity restrictions (PPKM) policy in influencing SN, PBC, HAW, PSS, and RE to affect INHF and INHP during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.

This study aims to determine the effect of attitudes, subjective norms, zakat institution system and government support in influencing the interest of the government and private officers to pay zakat. This study also aims to determine the extent of muzakki's knowledge of zakat in improving attitudes, subjective norms, zakat institutional systems and government support in the interest of the government and private officers to pay zakat. Respondents in this study are 402 respondents consisting of 154 government officers and 248 private officers who live in 6 big cities in Java, such as Jakarta, Serang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta and Surabaya. This research uses the Partial-Least-Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis technique with the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) model. The finding reveals that attitudes, subjective norms, zakat institutional system, and government support affect the government and private officers' interest in paying zakat. Meanwhile, knowledge as a moderating variable does not strengthen the influence of attitudes, zakat institutional systems and government support. Still, it reinforces the subjective norms of government and private officers in influencing intention to pay zakat. BAZNAS can collaborate with educational institutions, professional institutions, community institutions and utilize social networks to increase public knowledge about zakat. Hence, knowledge about zakat supports subjective norms and attitudes, zakat institutional system, and government support.