After a long time of neglect, Artificial Intelligence is once again at the center of most of our political, economic, and socio-cultural debates. Recent advances in the field of Artifical Neural Networks have led to a renaissance of dystopian and utopian speculations on an AI-rendered future. Algorithmic technologies are deployed for identifying potential terrorists through vast surveillance networks, for producing sentencing guidelines and recidivism risk profiles in criminal justice systems, for demographic and psychographic targeting of bodies for advertising or propaganda, and more generally for automating the analysis of language, text, and images. Against this background, the aim of this book is to discuss the heterogenous conditions, implications, and effects of modern AI and Internet technologies in terms of their political dimension: What does it mean to critically investigate efforts of net politics in the age of machine learning algorithms?
After a long time of neglect, Artificial Intelligence is once again at the center of most of our political, economic, and socio-cultural debates. Recent advances in the field of Artifical Neural Networks have led to a renaissance of dystopian and utopian speculations on an AI-rendered future. Algorithmic technologies are deployed for identifying potential terrorists through vast surveillance networks, for producing sentencing guidelines and recidivism risk profiles in criminal justice systems, for demographic and psychographic targeting of bodies for advertising or propaganda, and more generally for automating the analysis of language, text, and images. Against this background, the aim of this book is to discuss the heterogenous conditions, implications, and effects of modern AI and Internet technologies in terms of their political dimension: What does it mean to critically investigate efforts of net politics in the age of machine learning algorithms?
Inhalt -- Geleitwort -- Einleitung -- 1. Hinführungen -- 1.1 Überbietung als postideologiekritische Diskursfigur -- 1.2 Logik der Moderne? Zur Genese und Genealogie der Überbietung -- 1.3 Konkurrenz, Agon -- 1.4 Selbstüberbietung, Selbstkonkurrenz -- 1.5 Quantitäten und Qualitäten, Steigerungen, Messbarkeit -- 1.7 Überbietung als serielle Form und die Serie als experimentelles Verfahren -- 2. Diskurs und Serie als Akteure kultureller Arbeit -- 2.1 Die Qualitäten des Fernsehens als Problem und Herausforderung -- 2.2 Zur Diskursgeschichte des Quality TV -- 2.3 HBO: Zur Emergenz eines Modell-Networks der ›Post-Broadcast‹-Ära -- 2.4 Original Programming, Streaming und Machine Learning -- 2.5 Avancierte Transgressivität -- 2.6 Kinematographische Ästhetik und Televisuality -- 2.7 Jenseits narrativer Komplexität -- 3. Das Fernsehdispositiv im Wandel, Transmedialität und die Logik der Überbietung -- 3.1 Der Abschied vom coolen Medium -- 3.2 »65 inches of discretion« - Aufwertung durch Größe -- 3.3 Jenseits der Anverwandlung an das Kino -- 3.4 Transmediale Überbietungen und ihre Grenzen -- 4. Exponierte Steigerungen - interseriell -- 4.1 Die Überbietung des Strapaziösen -- 4.2 Serienkiller im interseriellen Wettbewerb -- 4.3 Zur Ästhetik temporaler Überbietungen - Teil 1 -- 4.4 Überbietung und Überschreitung -- 4.5 Die Optimierung von Schönheit -- 4.6 Big (Ensemble) Cast -- 4.7 Mediale Bedingungen interserieller Überbietungen -- 5. Logik der Rekorde. Zur Transserialität der Fernsehserie -- 5.1 Monumente der Überbietung. Ein Exkurs -- 5.2 Fernsehserien und Höhe -- 5.3 ... und Geschwindigkeit -- 5.4 ... und Weite -- 6. Exponierte Steigerungen - intraseriell -- 6.1 Zur Ästhetik temporaler Überbietungen - Teil 2 -- 6.2 Zur Soziologie des Urbanen als expansiver ludischer Raum -- 6.3 Steigerung als Eskalation und der Tabubruch als Selbstüberbietung
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Abstract The essay critically investigates the media-political dimension of modern AI technology. Rather than examining the political aspects of certain AI-driven applications, the main focus of the paper is centred around the political implications of AI's technological infrastructure, especially with regard to the machine learning approach that since around 2006 has been called Deep Learning (also known as the simulation of Artificial Neural Networks). Firstly, the paper discusses in how far Deep Learning is a fundamentally opaque black box technology, only partially accessible to human understanding. Secondly, and in relation to the first question, the essay takes a critical look at the agenda and activities of the research company OpenAI that supposedly aims to promote the democratization of AI and tries to make technologies like Deep Learning more accessible and transparent.
The essay critically investigates the media-political dimension of modern AI technology. Rather than examining the political aspects of certain AI-driven applications, the main focus of the paper is centred around the political implications of AI's technological infrastructure, especially with regard to the machine learning approach that since around 2006 has been called Deep Learning (also known as the simulation of Artificial Neural Networks). Firstly, the paper discusses in how far Deep Learning is a fundamentally opaque black box technology, only partially accessible to human understanding. Secondly, and in relation to the first question, the essay takes a critical look at the agenda and activities of the research company OpenAI that supposedly aims to promote the democratization of AI and tries to make technologies like Deep Learning more accessible and transparent.
In dieser Studie werden die Geschichte, Ökonomie und vor allem Politik des amerikanischen Independent-Films in seiner Beziehung zum Hollywood-Mainstream umfassend in den Blick genommen. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, inwiefern der gegenwärtige Independent-Film nicht zuletzt aufgrund seiner industriellen und textuellen Nähe zum Zentrum der amerikanischen Filmindustrie noch eine Filmpraxis verkörpert, die nicht nur eine widerspenstige Alternative zum Hollywood-Kino darstellt, sondern allgemein den soziokulturellen Status quo herausfordert - insbesondere mittels interventionistischer Artikulationen von race, class und sex/gender
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In this paper we are concerned to outline a set of perspectives, methods, and theories with which to approach the seriality of digital games and game cultures – i.e. the aesthetic forms and cultural practices of game-related serialization, which we see unfolding against (and, in fact, as a privileged mediator of) the broader background of medial and socio-cultural transformations taking place in the wake of popular media culture's digitalization. Seriality, we contend, is a central and multifaceted but largely neglected dimension of popular computer and video games. Seriality is a factor not only in explicitly marked game series (with their sequels, prequels, remakes, and other types of continuation), but also within games themselves (e.g. in their formal-structural constitution as an iterative series of "levels" or "worlds") as well as on the level of transmedial relations between games and other media (e.g. expansive serializations of narrative worlds across the media of comics, film, television, and games, etc.). Particularly with respect to processes of temporal "collapse" or "synchronization" that, in the current age of digitization and media convergence, are challenging the temporal dimensions and developmental logics of pre-digital seriality (e.g. because once successively appearing series installments are increasingly available now for immediate, repeated, and non-linear consumption), computer games are eminently suited for an exemplary investigation of a specifically digital type of seriality. In the following, we look at serialization processes in digital games and game series and seek to understand how they relate to digital-era transformations of temporally-serially structured experiences and identifications on the part of historically situated actors. These transformations range from the microtemporal scale of individual players' encounters with algorithmic computation processes (the speed of which escapes direct human perception and is measurable only by technological means) all the way up to the macrotemporal (more properly "historical") level of collective brokerings of political, cultural, and social identities in the digital age. To account for this multi-layered complexity, we argue for a decidedly interdisciplinary approach, combining media-aesthetic and media-philosophical perspectives with the resources of discourse analysis and cultural history. We approach the seriality of digital games both in terms of textual and aesthetic forms as well as in the broader context of serialized game cultures and popular culture at large.
Nicht weniger als von einer Revolution ist gegenwärtig die Rede. Neuere Verfahren der Künstlichen Intelligenz greifen in sämtliche Bereiche des sozialen und kulturellen Lebens ein: Maschinen lernen Bilder und Sprache zu erkennen, beherrschen die autonome Steuerung von Fahrzeugen ebenso wie Finanzinvestments und medizinische Diagnostik. Im digitalen Wandel ist Lernen damit kein Privileg des Menschen mehr. Vielmehr verschieben sich mit maschinellen Lernverfahren die Relationen zwischen Erkenntnismöglichkeiten, technischen Umwelten und humanen Akteuren. Dieser Band vermittelt erstmals für den deutschsprachigen Raum einen Überblick über die medialen, infrastrukturellen und historischen Voraussetzungen des maschinellen Lernens. (Verlagstext)
