"The leaders of the oil-rich rentier states of the Middle East, and in particular in the Gulf, have hitherto often predicated their legitimacy on a tacit social contract with their (much poorer) populations. This social contract consists of little or no direct taxation, with some sort of subsidised living. But the casualty of this tacit agreement is often political participation, an issue which has come to the forefront in the Middle East following the 'Arab Spring' of 2011. Here, Sulaiman Al-Farsi looks at the impact the rentier nature of the Gulf States has on political participation, focusing on the nexus between tribe, religion and a new generation of young, highly educated citizens that is present in Oman. Specifically exploring the concept of shura (consultation), and how nascent concepts of democracy in the practice of shura have impacted and shaped the process of democratisation, Al-Farsi's book is vital in the examination of the political discourse surrounding democratisation across one of the most strategically important, but little understood states in the Middle East."--Publisher's website
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to highlight the significance of placing identification marks on dentures. Design/methodology/approach - This paper reviews the legislation with regard to denture marking in certain countries, various methods of denture marking and describes a simple, inexpensive, paper-based labelling system. Findings - Various methods have been proposed for denture marking but it is important to use a method that is simple, practical, affordable and universally acceptable. Practical implications - The identification of unknown or missing persons by means of denture marking is a very successful method of identification in forensic investigation. It is also useful for patients residing in hospitals and community homes where dentures could be misplaced, particularly during cleaning by personnel where there is a chance of loss or mix-up. The importance of denture marking should be emphasized by all law-enforcing authorities and should be promoted among all dentists, towards making it a compulsory routine dental procedure throughout the world. Originality/value - In Malaysia, denture marking, as recommended by its Ministry of Health, uses a unique coding system which can readily provide information about the wearer in whichever part of the world the person is found. The method applied is simple, practical and affordable and can easily be adapted by others. It can be of great value during times of crisis. This record was migrated from the OpenDepot repository service in June, 2017 before shutting down.
ABSTRAKMengawali penelitian ini dengan merumuskan permasalahan 1) Bagaimana proses masuknya agama Islam di Pulau Runduma? 2) Bagaimana metode penyiaran agama Islam di Pulau Runduma? 3) Bagaimana akibat masuknya agama Islam di Pulau Runduma? (4) Bagaimana perkembangan Agama Islam di Pulau Runduma? Penelitian ini mengunakan metode sejarah yaitu: (1) Heuristik, yaitu kegiatan pengumpulan sumber data penelitian, (2) Verifikasi yaitu kritik sumber yang terdiri atas dua tahap yaitu kritik ekstern dan kritik intern, (3) Historiografi terdiri atas penafsiran (interpretasi), penjelasan (eksplanasi), dan penyajian (ekspose).Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: 1) Awal masuknya agama Islam di Pulau Runduma dibawa oleh La Punggui dari Pulau Buton. Sebelum ke Pulau Runduma beliau terlebih dahulu singgah di Pulau Tomia. Kemudian La Punggui berangkat dengan menggunakan perahu jarangka berlayar menuju Pulau Runduma. Saat itu La Punggui mendarat disalah satu pantai kemudian merapatkan perahunya dan berjalan memeriksa Kampung Runduma pada tahun 1900. Setelah La Punggui memeriksa kampung Runduma, beliau melihat manusia primitif tanpa sehelai kain di badannya sedang berdiri dan bersandar di batu La Runduma menghadap kebarat pada saat matahari tenggelam kearah daratan besar Pulau Tomia. La Punggui meninggal dunia pada tahun 1915 dan dikebumikan di Kampung pertama. Setelah Runduma di perkirakan aman oleh La Penanda maka menyusul sepasang suami istri dari Desa Kulati membuka kebun di pohon asam besar bernama La Ujo atas panggilan La Penanda. Saat itu penghuni satu-satunya di Kampung lama adalah La Ujo bersama Istri. Setelah itu berdatangan dari Tomia, Kaledupa, Wangi-Wangi, dan Binongko untuk bermigrasi atau menetap di Pulau Runduma. Kemudian La Penanda bersama masyarakat setempat mendirikan Mesjid pertama untuk dijadikan sebagai pusat ibadah, pengkaderan dan penyebaran agama Islam di Pulau Runduma. 2) Metode penyiaran agama Islam di Pulau Runduma di lakukan melalui metode tasawuf, pendidikan dalam hal ini melakukan dakwah dari kampung ke kampung selanjutnya melalui seni dan melalui jaringan politik. 3) Akibat masuknya agama Islam dapat memperbaiki kepercayaan animisme dan dinamisme yang sebelumnya banyak dilakukan masyarakat dan menambah ghairah keagamaan khususnya Islam. 4) Perkembangan Agama Islam di Pulau Runduma mulai pada tahun 1977-1980. Para Ulama dalam menyebarkan Ajaran Agaman Islam di Pulau Runduma dengan cara diskusi, pengajian dll. Kata kunci: Sejarah, Perkembangan, dan Agama Islam
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine hospital services globally. This study estimated the total number of adult elective operations that would be cancelled worldwide during the 12 weeks of peak disruption due to COVID-19. Methods: A global expert response study was conducted to elicit projections for the proportion of elective surgery that would be cancelled or postponed during the 12 weeks of peak disruption. A Bayesian β-regression model was used to estimate 12-week cancellation rates for 190 countries. Elective surgical case-mix data, stratified by specialty and indication (surgery for cancer versus benign disease), were determined. This case mix was applied to country-level surgical volumes. The 12-week cancellation rates were then applied to these figures to calculate the total number of cancelled operations. Results: The best estimate was that 28 404 603 operations would be cancelled or postponed during the peak 12 weeks of disruption due to COVID-19 (2 367 050 operations per week). Most would be operations for benign disease (90·2 per cent, 25 638 922 of 28 404 603). The overall 12-week cancellation rate would be 72·3 per cent. Globally, 81·7 per cent of operations for benign conditions (25 638 922 of 31 378 062), 37·7 per cent of cancer operations (2 324 070 of 6 162 311) and 25·4 per cent of elective caesarean sections (441 611 of 1 735 483) would be cancelled or postponed. If countries increased their normal surgical volume by 20 per cent after the pandemic, it would take a median of 45 weeks to clear the backlog of operations resulting from COVID-19 disruption. Conclusion: A very large number of operations will be cancelled or postponed owing to disruption caused by COVID-19. Governments should mitigate against this major burden on patients by developing recovery plans and implementing strategies to restore surgical activity safely.