Suchergebnisse

With the proliferation of outsourcing in global market place, supplier selection has become a key strategic consideration in forming a competitive supply chain. Supplier selection has been recognized as a multi-criteria decision making problem in which suppliers are evaluated according to multiple criteria such as price, quality, delivery and service simultaneously. Facing with excessive pressures from government and customers, increasing number of companies are beginning to consider environmental issues in the procurement and supplier selection process to practice the sustainable development. It is therefore necessary to measure a supplier's environmental performance. This paper aims to find out what kind of environmental criteria can be applied to assess suppliers overall performances. The multicriteria decision making approach data envelopment analysis (DEA) is applied to help companies to evaluate suppliers' various environmental performance and other capabilities simultaneously. © 2013 IEEE. ; published_or_final_version

We demonstrate a high peak power femtosecond fiber laser system based on single-mode holmium (Ho) doped fibers. 833 fs, 27.7 MHz pulses at 2083.4 nm generated in a passively mode-locked Ho fiber laser are amplified and compressed to near transform-limited 172 fs, 7.2 nJ pulses with 24.3 kW peak power. We achieve this performance level by using soliton effect and high-order soliton compression. This is the first demonstration of sub-200 fs pulses, with peak power exceeding 10 kW from a Ho-doped single-mode fiber laser system without using bulk optics compressors. ; National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFA0401100); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (61605122, 61775146, 61504086); Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2016A030310049); Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (KQJSCX20160226194031, JCYJ20160428174445840, JCYJ20160427105041864, JSGG20150512162504354); EPSRC (EP/L016087/1); European Union's 7th Framework Programme (631610); Academy of Finland (276376, 284548, 295777, 304666, 312297, 312551, 314810); TEKES (OPEC).

Solution processing-based fabrication techniques such as liquid phase exfoliation may enable economically feasible utilization of graphene and related nanomaterials in real-world devices in the near future. However, measurement of the thickness of the thin film structures fabricated by these approaches remains a significant challenge. By using surface plasmon resonance (SPR), a simple, accurate, and quick measurement of the deposited thickness for inkjet-printed graphene thin films is reported here. We show that the SPR technique is convenient and well-suited for the measurement of thin films formulated from nanomaterial inks, even at sub-10 nm thickness. We also demonstrate that the analysis required to obtain results from the SPR measurements is significantly reduced compared to that required for atomic force microscopy (AFM) or stylus profilometer, and much less open to interpretation. The gathered data implies that the film thickness increases linearly with increasing number of printing repetitions. In addition, SPR also reveals the complex refractive index of the printed thin films composed of exfoliated graphene flakes, providing a more rigorous explanation of the optical absorption than that provided by a combination of AFM/profilometer and the extinction coefficient of mechanically exfoliated graphene flakes. Our results suggest that the SPR method may provide a new pathway for the thickness measurement of thin films fabricated from any nanomaterial containing inks. ; We acknowledge Dr. Lauri Riuttanen for the development of the code for the Metropolis fitting algorithm that we have modified for this work. H.J. acknowledges the Jenny ja Antti Wihuri foundation for the funding used for the research visit to Cambridge which facilitated this work. T.A.-O. acknowledges funding from EPSRC grant EP/L016087/1. H.Y. acknowledges funding from China Scholarship Council and Nokia Foundation. G.H. acknowledges funding from Cambridge Trust and China Scholarship Council. S.A. acknowledges the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK). R.C.T.H. acknowledges funding from an EPSRC Cambridge NanoDTC Translational Fellowship (EPSRC grant EP/G037221/1). Z.S. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (REA grant agreement No. 631610), the Academy of Finland (Nos.: 276376, 284548, 295777), TEKES (OPEC), Nokia foundation, and Aalto University. T.H. acknowledges funding from RAEng Fellowship (Graphlex).

The 2014–2015 Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic in West Africa was the largest in history. The three most affected countries, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, have faced enormous challenges in controlling transmission and providing clinical care for patients with EVD. The Chinese government, in response to the requests of the WHO and the governments of the affected countries, responded rapidly by deploying Chinese military medical teams (CMMTs) to the areas struck by the deadly epidemic. A total of three CMMTs, comprising 115 military medical professionals, were rotationally deployed to Freetown, Sierra Leone to assist with infection prevention and control, clinical care and health promotion and training. Between 1 October 2014 and 22 March 2015, the CMMTs in Sierra Leone admitted and treated a total of 773 suspected and 285 confirmed EVD cases. Among the 285 confirmed cases, 146 (51.2%) patients survived after treatment. In addition, the CMMTs maintained the record of zero infections among healthcare workers and zero cross-infections between quarantined patients. In this manuscript, we aim to give an overview of the mission, and share our best practices experience on predeployment preparedness, EVD holding and treatment centre building and EVD case management.