Suchergebnisse

Since Independence, the performance of Muslims, particularly OBC Muslims, in education, organised private sector and more importantly in government decision-making institutions has remained unsatisfactory in Uttar Pradesh. It has resulted in a sense of neglect, and discrimination leading to some levels of social tensions within the community. To tackle this situation, the solution lies in facilitating interventions from both within and outside the political system. The article focusses on examining the socio-economic status, employment, educational status and political representation of Muslim OBCs. It attempts to evaluate issues related to 27 per cent reservation for OBCs, an advantage which has more or less bypassed Muslim OBCs. Finally, our study suggests measures for the inclusion of this category in the development agenda of the state government.

Argues that globalization, or finance imperialism, cannot exist without the military force of imperialist powers that operate in collaboration with the military, paramilitary, & police forces of local states to suppress protests against global institutions like the World Bank (WB), the World Trade Organization (WTO), & the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Various military responses to resistance to the extension of finance imperialism into underdeveloped countries are described, along with the US Army School of the Americas, which teaches military forces of different nations how to defend multinational capital. Indirect methods of control, such as credit/economic sanctions or ensuring the election of certain candidates, are usually employed before direct military intervention. Four categories of countries targeted for military intervention are described: (1) those unable to repay debt; (2) those that resist the imposition of WB/IMF conditions; (3) socialist, nationalist, or Left-populist economies; & (4) countries that resist multinational corporations. Rewards offered to nations that submit to the political, economic, & military requirements of the imperialist countries are examined. 65 References. J. Lindroth

Explores reasons underlying the heavy indebtedness of most Third World countries, & argues vehemently against suggestions that Western financial institutions -- the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, & World Trade Organization -- can help such countries out of debt. It is argued that debt reduction or antipoverty proposals by these organizations are "hoaxes" perpetrated by the same institutions that helped create debt & poverty in the Third World in the first place; such solutions would create a system of "indentured servitude" in developing countries. The origins of the debt relief movement are traced to Jubilee 2000, a UK-based movement led by Martin Dent at Keele U, which linked the debt crisis to biblical events & called for debt forgiveness by the millennium. The failures of this movement are chronicled, along with those of other poverty reduction efforts by international organizations. Sustained opposition to such organizations & their initiatives is advocated, & some alternative strategies are offered for forgiving debt & reducing poverty in the Third World. 45 References. K. Hyatt Stewart

An examination of Venezuela since the 1998 election of President Hugo Chavez focuses on US strategies to get rid of Chavez, whose reforms challenge US hegemony. The rigid social & color hierarchies that are legacies of Spanish colonial rule are described, along with Venezuela's shift to an oil economy; nationalization of the oil industry in 1976; the US stranglehold on the oil industry through the supremacy of the dollar in international trade; & attempts by the Chavez government to promote a shift to euros for oil transactions & initiate a barter strategy for trading in oil. Attention is given to land reforms that are viewed as threats to US interests & multiple attempts by the US to organize coups against Chavez. It is suggested that the US is currently implementing a civil-military approach to overthrow Chavez that involves sabotaging the Venezuelan economy, initiating a military coup, & creating a pretext for direct military intervention in conjunction with neighboring countries like Colombia, where US personnel are already operating. 51 References. J. Lindroth

Papers presented at the National Seminar on "Issues in State Finances in India", held at Chandigarh during 18-19 January 2013