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Cattle farmers in Gunungkidul Regency face several cattle diseases such as Helminthiasis, Anthrax, Downer Cow Syndrome, and Intoxication in which these diseases mostly attack female cows. To prevent financial loss for the farmers, the government facilitates them with cattle insurance. This study aims to determine the reasons and the cattle farmers' willingness-to-pay for the cattle insurance by conducting a survey addressed to 100 cattle farmers and identifying the factors related to it. This study used a Contingent Valuation Method in estimating the cattle farmer's WTP. The various factors that influence the farmer's WTP were analyzed by using natural logarithm regression models. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the willingness-to-pay for cattle farmers who did not participate in cattle insurance are 22,600 IDR and farmers who participate in cattle insurance are 36,320 IDR. Education, household income, and farmers' interest in the insurance were positively effecting toward the farmers' willingness-to-pay. However, age and the number of families showed the negative ones toward the farmers' willingness-to-pay.

Livestock grazing is a major driver of human-wildlife confl ict in conservation areas. Currently, it is estimated that 3000 heads of cattle illegally grazing within Baluran National Park (BNP) in East Java. The recent research has suggested the potential of livestock system intensifi cation to reduce land-use and conflict through conservation priorities. The research goal was to investigate the fi nancial feasibility of starting intensive cow-calf cooperatives by smallholders in the BNP area. Data were collected using Farm surveys in a Criterion sampling design. Optimal herd management plans were generated using whole farm Linear Programming and fi nancial feasibility was assessed using Discounted cash-flow analysis and debt-servicing capabilities. Investment lifetime was set at 15 years and four alternative varieties of cattle were taken from Bali, Peranakan Ongole, Limousin and Simmental. Results show that investing in all varieties represents a positive investment opportunity. Bali cattle obtaining the highest NPV ($53.769), IRR (14,25%) and B/C ratio (1,13). Farmer income can be increased by 163% by combining additional Off-farm labor. However, debt servicing capabilities of cow-calf cooperative activities showed that the loan principal can only be repaid in the 10th year instead of the maximum eight years set by the government cow-calf credit scheme. We urge the government to reconsider either the grace period or the repayment time of the credit scheme to better fit the cash-fl ow characteristics of cow-calf enterprises.

This research aimed at investigating : (1) the analysis of cooperation based on agricultural criterion in Kolaka District based on cooperation performance analysis based on agricultural criterion in Kolaka District according to cooperative development orientation and cooperation classification orientation; (2) the cooperation performance based on farmer's perception and cooperation apparatus; (3) find out the benefit found by the farmer as the member; (4) the analysis of correlation between performance and benefit obtained by farmer as cooperation member. This research applied analytical method. The data used consists of primary and secondary data. Primary data in this research is taken from questioner answer returned by cooperation apparatus respondent and stakeholders who asses the performance and benefit from 10 Agriculture Cooperation of Kolaka District. Secondary data obtained were as: (a) the data of financial report or the balance 10 Agriculture Cooperation in Kolaka District year 2006-2010, (b) the data of profit and loss data 10 Agriculture Cooperation in Kolaka District year 2006-2010. The research finding shown that based on Cooperation Cllasification Orientation, the Agriculture Cooperation in Kolaka District in average was 61.58 in 2007 and included quite good category. In 2008, the average of the cooperation performance was 62.05 and included in quite good category. In 2009 the average of cooperation performance was 62.38 and included in quite good category. In 2010 the average of cooperation performance was 61.28 and include in quite good category. Then, majority of cooperation apparatus and stakeholders asses that agriculture cooperation in Kolaka District include in quite good criteria that is 48.75%. furthermore, majority of respondents asses that agriculture cooperation in Kolaka District is beneficial, that is 65%. Based on SEM analysis, the correlation of agriculture cooperation performance positively correlates with the finding benefit by farmers. The correlation of coefficient value of 0.85 has statistical value 14.40. the correlation of standardization value of 0.85 shows the performance and beneficial agriculture cooperation which brings the real correlation. Sequentially, the performance components give the biggest to smallest con tribution that is, caring towards the community is 0.86. the component of voluntary and opened membership is 0.80. the controlling by member democratically is 0.79. the economically participant of the member is 0.71. the education and training give contribution to 0.25. then to components of cooperation benefit sequentially give the biggest to smallest contribution that is marketing economy benefit is 0.96. credit benefit is 0.88. economical benefit of farmer necessity is 0.86. the contribution to social benefit is 0.48.

This study aims to (1) identify the feasibility of catfish hatchery business and (2) to know the alternative and strategic priorities that can be applied in the development of catfish hatchery business in the Minapolitan Area of Magelang District. Research location in sub-District of Muntilan, Mungkid, and Sawangan, was chosen by purposive sampling. Respondents were chosen by snowball 42 as samples from farmers and stakeholders related to catfish hatchery business. Data analysis used on the business feasibility is BEP and R/C ratio criteria. The analysis of business development strategy uses SWOT analysis. The business feasibility analysis tool used is cost analysis, revenue, and nett revenue. Feasibility analysis result obtained BEP revenue of Rp53.587.484,00, BEP production of 255.087,71 unit fish, BEP price of Rp 56.00 per unit fish, and R/C ratio of 1,67. The development of strategy of catfish hatchery business are (1) maintaining good relationship with stakeholders and maximizing natural resources management for business development due to low interest of community on catfish hatchery business, and (2) utilizing expert resources (practitioners and academics) in the field of hatchery by government assistance to improve the quality of seed products and for expanding market size to meet the increased demand.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the competitiveness of Stevia agriculture in Tawangmangu Subdistrict, Karanganyar Regency based on its competitive and comparative advantage, as well as to know the effect of government policies on this agricultural product. The basic method used is a descriptive analysis with a quantitative approach. The study involved 14 stevia cultivators as respondents. Sampling was carried out by way of census. The data of the study were collected during one stevia planting season in the course of 2015-2018, with an average planting period of 4 years. The data were collected using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method. The results reveal that stevia farming in Tawangmangu Subdistrict is proven to have a competitive advantage as seen from the value of PP and PCR. It also has a comparative advantage as indicated by its SP and DRCR values. The impact of government policy is apparent from (a) the value of EPC and NPCO pinpointing that there is protection from government policy for domestic farmers who cultivate stevia intensively, especially for output (stevia dried leaves) prices. It is also indicated by (b) the value of NPCI highlighting that the tradable input costs paid by farmers are lower than the cost of tradable inputs that should be paid. This is in accordance with the rule of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia No.47/Permentan/SR.310/11/2018. It is pivotal that the government provide the stevia farmers with stevia superior seeds to boost the production of high-quality stevia product.

The lack of capital for investment and limited access for small beef cattle farming to obtain credit from financial institution have contributed to the occurrence of share-beef cattle in rural areas. Through share-beef cattle pattern, the farmers (tenant) can rent livestock from other parties (individual nor government) within a share-beef cattle contract agreement. The purposes of this study were to determine the technical efficiency and the factors which influence the inefficiency from 108 small beef cattlebreeding, which consists of 59 farming operated by owner and 49 operated by tenant. The unit samples were selected by snowball sampling method and analysed by Stochastic Frontier Production. Our study showed that the average technical efficiency of beef cattle breeding operated by owner was at 0.73, otherwise operated by tenant was at 0.790. The inefficiency of beef cattle breeding operated by owner has negatively corresponded to the number of cows, the farmer age, the age of cow and the application of artificial insemination (IA), but positively corresponded to allocation of family labour and level of farmer education. The inefficiency of beef cattle breeding operated by a tenant has negatively corresponded to the application of artificial insemination (AI). Specific conclusion of the study was the technical efficiency level of small beef cattle breeding was not only affected by the ownership of beef cattle but also by the pattern of share-beef cattle. The share-beef cattle based on share income(50:50) may improve the value of technical efficiency compared to share-beef cattle based on share in-kind (share-beef cattle revolving cow or share-beef cattle revolving calf).

Rice is a potential food crop to be developed in Purbalingga Regency, so it is necessary to know its competitiveness so that rice production can be increased. This study aims to (1) determine the competitiveness of rice farming in Purbalingga Regency, and (2) determine the impact of government policies on rice farming in Purbalingga Regency. It used the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) as the research method. The research sample was purposively selected from Bukateja Subdistrict because it is the region with the highest rice production in Purbalingga Regency. It used the data of rice farming collected in two seasons, such as MT I (rainy season) and MT II (dry season) with a total sample of 80 rice farmers. The analysis showed that rice farming in Purbalingga Regency in MT I (rainy season) and MT II (dry season) had good level of competitiveness because they had competitive advantages and comparative advantages. The impact of government policies on rice farming output and input for both tradeable and non-tradeable inputs are significant. The government also has applied protective rice farming input-output policy. Based on this research, it is suggested that there is subsidy to improve irrigation networks and subsidy to purchase of modern inputs (agricultural machinery) to increase rice productivity and raise the competitiveness of rice farming in Purbalingga Regency as well as the government needs to maintaining the rice import tariff policy, determining the basic price of rice, and providing input subsidies such as chemical fertilizer.

This study aimed to determine: (1) an analysis of the cooperative's performance based on the agricultural criteria in the district of Kolaka, according to the guidelines on cooperative fostering and cooperative classification; (2) the performance of the cooperative as perceived by farmers and cooperatives management; (3) determine the benefits gained by farmers as members of cooperatives; (4) an analysis of the relationship between performance and the benefits obtained by farmers as a cooperative member. The results showed that, based on the Guidelines for Cooperatives Classification, the performance of agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka in 2007 was on the average of 61.58 and fell within the "quite well" category. In 2008 the average performance of 62.05 and cooperatives are included in the category quite well. In2009, the average performance of the cooperatives was 62.38, remaining in the same category. In 2010 the average performance was 61.28, also staying in the category of "quite well". Furthermore, the management of cooperatives as well as the majority of stakeholders considered that the agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka met the criteria of "quite well", as many as 48.75%. The majority of respondents (65%) considered the agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka helpful. Based on SEM analysis, the relationship of the agricultural cooperative performance was found to be positively correlated to the benefits obtained by farmers. Standardized coefficient value of 0.85 has a value of 14.40t statistic. Standardized coefficient value of 0.85 indicates that the performance and benefits of the cooperative have a real relationship closeness. Sequentially the components of performance that contribute from the largest to the smallest are, firstly, the concern for the community, which is equal to0.86. The component of voluntary and open membership component is 0.80. The component of democratic control by members is 0.79. The component of economic participation of member is 0.71. And the component of education and training is 0.25. Regarding the components of the cooperative benefits, the components that contributes sequentially, from the largest to the smallest, are the economic benefits of marketing, that is equal to 0.96;the benefits of a large savings and loan with 0.88; the economic benefits of farmers needs 0.86; and social benefits 0.48.