Suchergebnisse

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic fair trade is thought to be a trading plan that can aid economic recovery. Companies that conduct fair trade schemes, on the other hand, face hurdles as a result of the economic crisis brought on by the pandemic. The East Bali Cashews (EBC) company, which offers fair trade for cashew nuts as a major commodity in Ban village, Karangasem, is highlighted in this study. This study seeks to explain the role of corporation as non-state actor in international trade by adopting a pluralist approach and the concept of fair trade. The study compares the implementation of fair trade by EBC during the COVID-19 pandemic with before the pandemic using a comparative qualitative method with primary data obtained through in-depth interviews. This study is significant in examining the critical role of corporation as primary actor in fair trade schemes that directly affect cashew farmers as small producers. In order to advance the welfare of farmers and cashew as a promising commodity for Ban Village's development.

ABSTRACT This final assignment discusses about Australia's choice to decide the policy to impose sanctions on Fiji after the 2006 military coup. The Australian decision will be analyzed using the Foreign Policy Theory and the Rational Actor Model. The analysis within this final assignment will provide the reasons behind choosing policies to impose sanctions in response to a military coup in Fiji. The Rational Actor model is used to explain that Australia as a rational actor will choose the most strategic policy among various alternatives to achieve its national interests. The outcome of this research is a clear explaination about the reason that motivate Australia chose the option to impose sanctions on Fiji. After considering the costs and benefits of various alternative options available, the option to impose sanctions is the most suitable for Australia in response to the 2006 military coup in Fiji. Keywords : Australia, Fiji, Coup , Sanction

ABSTRACT The Water, Sanitaion, and Hygiene (WASH) sector in Timor Leste is one of the number one domestic issue that continues to be improved through foreign assistance. One of the assistances came from AusAID which has been provided since 2002 through the Community Water and Sanitation Program which was then continued by the Rural and Sanitation Water or BESIK I and II programs in 2006 and 2012. In the BESIK II program, AusAID's focus was on technical issue by providing trainings for all levels of Timor Leste from the central government to the lowest level as a goal to utilize WASH infrastructures that was produced by the previous program and to improve the WASH sector in accordance with the targets of the Timor Leste Sustainable Development Goals. This study aims to describe the implementation of BESIK II towards that goal. This research was examined with the concept of program assistance and technical assistance. Using literature review techniques from sources and books related to the time with locus of research is from 2012-2016. Keywords: aid program, technical assistance, WASH, BESIK II

ABSTRACT Iran's nuclear development has changed the instability of Iran's economy. Iran's economic sanction initiated resistance economy as an action of Iran's governments defense. The pressure of economic sanctionscontinue to increase with the development of Iran's nuclear that makes Iran's governments couldn't handle the stability of Iran's economy. Based on that situation, Iran's governments response was took an attempt for negotiation as a choice to overcome the tensions post Iran's economic sanctions. As the end of that negotiation created Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) nuclear agreement. That agreement made by Iran and P5 + 1 group (United Kingdom, France, China, Russian Federation, The United States + Germany) at July 14, 2015. This research aims to analyse factors behind Iran's approve the JCPOA nuclear agreement. The locus of this study is from 2013 to 2017. Keywords:Nuclear Development, Resistance Economy, negotiation, JCPOA, P5 +1

This research aimed to explain the impact of the United States War on Drugs policy that led the social movements of indigenous peoples in Bolivia through the appearance of Evo Morales and formation of El Movimiento al Socialismo or Movement towards Socialism (MAS) which become an influential political party in Bolivia and eventually led Evo Morales to become the first indigenous President of Bolivia in 2006 and point the concern of indigenous peoples through 2009 Constitution and ratification of the 1961 Convention. Data was obtained through library methods such as, scientific journals, related websites, books, ande-books. Collected datadescribed through qualitative research method with descriptive research type. Research analysis used the concepts of rights of indigenous peoples and self-determination. Both of these concepts explain how United States intervention through War on Drugs that becomingthe trigger of Bolivian indigenous people's self-determination effort. Keywords:War on Drugs, Coca Leaves, Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Self-Determination

ABSTRACT This research outlines the interests of Austria refusing to expel Russian diplomats from his country due to the Segrei Skripal poisoning incident. After Russia was suspected as the culprit behind the Sergei Skripal poisoning incident, Western countries condemned and expelled Russian diplomats from their respective countries. However, Austria as a member of the European Union became one of the countries that refused to follow that step. Austria's interest in not expelling Russian diplomats from its country is interesting to examine not only from the country's neutral position, but also the relationship between Austria and Russia. This study uses the Concept of Neutrality and National Interest Foreign Policy. The research methodology used is descriptive qualitative data obtained by literature review. The researcher argues that neutrality is not only the reason for Austria's policy of rejecting Russian diplomats from its country, but the country's political and economic interests with Russia. Keywords: Austria, Foreign Policy, Neutrality, National Interest, Political, Economic

ABSTRACT India is one of the developing countries that still have difficulties in the fulfillment of clean water as well as sanitation. Domestic and international issues have contributed to the water and sanitation of India. Faced with the issue, the Indian government sought assistance to the United State Agency for International Development or USAID to help address the problems facing India. In addition, India has a national goal to liberate its society from the open defecation habits that were intended to be achieved in 2019. The government of India through Swachh Bharat Mission has the motto "Clean India" as a form of movement that encourages the public to support the advancement in the field of water and sanitation, or often abbreviated WASH. After going through several phases, finally the provision of assistance from USAID to the government of India entered into the agreement stage. As India's beneficiaries still have the opportunity to cultivate the aid provided. This was done as a form of Indian protection against the intervention of the other party. Therefore, India has a strategy in processing the Assistance provided by USAID as an effort to secure its national interests. Keywords: India, USAID, Swachh Bharat Missio, Sanitation, Water

ABSTRACT This research aims to describe the strategy of the Goverment of Timor Leste inregistering Tais weavingin the list of UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage through its foreign policy using descriptive qualitative research methods. Timor Leste is a newlyi ndependent country,so there are still many shortscoming in the fields of education, economy, politcs, social, and culture that the government needs to collaborate with many countries in the world and with international organizations. The activity received encouragement from various international and local organizations to work together. Therefore, researchers use the framework of thinking about Goverment to Government as First Track Diplomacy and Intangible Cultural Heritage concepts in answering the research issue. The research found that Timor Leste had a national interests in the 2011-2030 development strategy plan. Keywords:Tais Tenun,Traditional Woven Fabric, Intangible Cultural Heritage,UNESCO,Timor LesteStrategy,TimorLesteGovernment,TrackOneDiplomacy

ABSTRACT This research explains the efforts made by Humane Society International (HSI) to encourage change of animal testing practice in People's Republic of China. To do so, Qualitiative Research is selected as the methodology, and all research related data is acquired via secondary means or through the use of both online and printed literatures. Afterwards, the data will be analyzed using Animal Rights and Power of International Organization concepts, focusing on the power possessed by Non-Governmental Organization. At the end, the research will show the motivation behind HSI's efforts, as well as every programs under the umbrella of a grand campaign known as Be Cruelty-Free in 2013-2016. The campaign will be seen as means to effectively implement power which later raising the awareness of Chinese society and government on the importance of protection toward so-called laboratory animals and ultimately ease the change of direction toward policy and practice of animal testing. Key Words: International organization, campaign, animal rights, power

ABSTRACT North Korea frequently conduct tests of nuclear weapons has made Japan a worried over these actions. Although North Korea does not directly target the missile to the Japan territorial, still Japan government criticized sharply over the nuclear weapons test. North Korea's nuclear weapons that can directly reach Japan frequently surely make Japan feel threatened. Japan decided to change the military concept from Basic Defence Force t into a Dynamic Defence Force. The base Defence Force Basic defense Concept focused on building strong-power passive defense. As the research question is how Japan through Dynamic Defence Force policy to respond to North Korea's nuclear weapons development, this research aims to analyze how Dynamic Defence Force policy of Japan being able to respond and mitigate the threat posed through the ownership of its nuclear weapons by using the concept of the balance of threat and deterrence.The concept analyzes how a country is doing a balancing act as a deterrence effort to be able to protect against the threats that exist. For that Japan decided to change the concept of the defence of the Basic Defence Force into a Dynamic Defence Force, because Japan felt that the concept of the Basic Defence Force are no longer able to protect his country from the threats that exist.This research uses qualitative descriptivemethod with the use of the official documents issued by Japan and the related journals as a source of data. Keywords: Japan, North Korea, The Basic Defence Force, The Basic Dynamic Defence Force, Nuclear Weapons

ABSTRACT This thesis examines the Yemeni government's obstacles in managing food aid from World Food Programme in 2011-2016. The large amount of WFP aid that goes to Yemen is an interesting case because it's not able to reduce the food crisis, instead the food crisis gradually increase in Yemen. The assistance provided by WFP to Yemen is quite large and able to accommodate the needs of people who are in emergency food crisis. However, the implementation of the aid when it arrived in Yemen encountered various constraints associated with the state resources so that aid programs could not realize significant results in reducing the food crisis. In this thesis, researcher examines the obstacles experienced by the Yemeni government in managing food aid from the World Food Programme. The framework of this thesis departs with the concept of Management of Foreign Aid with using the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness procedure. Keywords: Obstacles, Foreign Aid, Yemeni Government, Paris Declaration

ABSTRACT The issue of spying has an important role in the dynamics of two countries. There were incident of the arrested Russian spies in United States. The arrested Russian spies incident happenedwhenRussia and the United States build the cooperation in economic and military. Russia's decision to accept the United States offer helps improve the country's image. Russia also wants to save the economic and military cooperation that just begin with the United States. This study analyzes the influence of Russia's image in foreign policy. This research has a span of time between 2005-2010. Research data is collected from various sources of network sites and scientific research relating to this research. The concepts usedin this researchareespionage, image, and foreign policy.This study focuses on Russia's decision to accept United States offers of spy swap to build an image and continue the cooperation that has been established. Keywords: Spy Swap, Image, Foreign Policy

This research aims to analyze the role of the World Health Organizations (WHO) eliminating malaria in Timor Leste, 2016-2018. WHO carries out its role through the implementation of the Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016-2030. This program's objective is to eliminate malaria according to the 3rd point of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely Good Health and Well-Being. The government of Timor Leste had made various attempts to eliminate malaria, but the target wasn't achieved. WHO is helping Timor Leste to achieve SDG targets in the elimination of malaria through its role. This study obtained the results that WHO has performed various roles to eliminate malaria in Timor-Leste. These roles are divided into prevention and control; diagnosis and treatment; as well as elimination and evaluation. WHO provides support in the form of medical guidelines and recommendations; promotions and campaigns; training for medical personnel; and direct intervention to malaria endemic areas. Keywords: World Health Organizations (WHO), Global Fund for AIDS, Malaria, Timor Leste

During the reign of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, India's Government more focused on the use of ancient Indian culture as a tool of cultural diplomacy. Yoga is one of cultures used as a tool of Indian cultural diplomacy to various countries in the world. The values of peace and harmony and the many benefits for each individual contained in Yoga made the Indian government realize the potential of Yoga as a tool to embody India's national interest. Indonesia is one of India's destination countries for Yoga diplomacy. Indian Yoga diplomacy in Indonesia certainly has an interest in it. This research uses the framework of cultural diplomacy and national interests at soft power to answer the interests of India in performing cultural diplomacy through Yoga in Indonesia in 2014-2019. This research then finds that India's interests in Indonesia through Yoga diplomacy is economic interests especially in the tourism and commerce. Keyword: Yoga India, Indonesia, cultural diplomacy, national interests

ABSTRACT This study aims to explain the efforts of the South Korean Government, in normalizing diplomatic relations, with North Korea. The normalization effort was carried out through cultural performances, namely the holding of the Spring is Coming concert, which featured K-Pop musicians in North Korea on April 1 2018. Previously, the South Korean Government had used K-Pop as a propaganda broadcast against retaliatory nuclear weapons attacks carried out by North Korea. Therefore, the researcher uses the framework of post structuralism, meaning in international relations and discourse struggles, to be able to describe the direction of the use of K-Pop by South Korea. This research then produced a reason for using K-Pop as an effort to normalize, because the South Korean Government wanted to instill admiration for their culture, in North Korean society. Researchers used this type of qualitative research method, with descriptive patterns as data presentation techniques. Keyword: Concept of Discursive Struggle, K-Pop, Normalization, Post Structuralism.