Suchergebnisse

När jag hör ordet naturlig så osäkrar jag min revolver! Det har blivit valspråket för akademiker som betraktar kroppens natur som ett kulturellt skådespel eller en föråldrad livsform. Queerfilosofer och transhumanister drömmer om ett liv utan den egensinniga och känslofyllda kroppen. Idén om en naturlig kropp är för dem och många andra samtidsdebattörer bara en förlegad och farlig fördom. Genom att tillbringa livet med dataspel och på sociala medier försöker miljoner människor i detta nu lämna sina kroppar bakom sig. Men kroppen blir man inte kvitt så lätt. Den är i själva verket smärtsamt närvarande på nätet där beroenden frodas och empatin går förlorad. Vi har förlorat kontrollen över våra känslor och vantrivs i den digitala kulturen. Boken tar sig an uppdraget att definiera och försvara det naturliga som livsideal genom undersökningar av fenomen som könsidentitet, sexualitet, kronisk smärta, utmattningssyndrom, dataspelsberoende, sociala medier och förändringar av människan på medicinsk väg. Slutsatsen är att vi behöver en uppdaterad version av det naturliga för att orientera oss i tillvaron. Det naturliga rymmer inte bara vår biologi utan också känslan av det äkta och egna

chapter 1 Phenomenological bioethics -- chapter 2 The suffering person -- chapter 3 The body uncanny -- chapter 4 Empathy and the hermeneutics of medicine -- chapter 5 Medical technologies and the life world -- chapter 6 The beginning of life -- chapter 7 Surviving death.

The paper presents an account of suffering as a multi-level phenomenon based on concepts such as mood, being-in-the-world and core life value. This phenomenological account will better allow us to evaluate the hardships associated with dying and thereby assist health care professionals in helping persons to die in the best possible manner. Suffering consists not only in physical pain but in being unable to do basic things that are considered to bestow meaning on one's life. The suffering can also be related to no longer being able to be the person one wants to be in the eyes of others, to losing one's dignity and identity. These three types of suffering become articulated by a narrative that holds together and bestows meaning on the whole life and identity of the dying person. In the encounter with the patient, the health-care professional attempts to understand the suffering-experience of the patient in an empathic and dialogic manner, in addition to exploring what has gone wrong in the patient's body. Matters of physician assisted suicide and/or euthanasia-if it should be legalized and if so under which conditions-need to be addressed by understanding the different levels of human suffering and its positive counterpart, human flourishing, rather than stressing the respect for patient autonomy and no-harm principles, only. In this phenomenological analysis the notions of vulnerability and togetherness, ultimately connecting to the political-philosophical issues of how we live together and take care of each other in a community, need to be scrutinized.

In this article I investigate the ways in which phenomenology could guide our views on the rights and/or wrongs of abortion. To my knowledge, very few phenomenologists have directed their attention to this issue, although quite a few have strived to better understand and articulate the strongly related themes of pregnancy and birth, most often in the context of feminist philosophy. After introducing the ethical and political contemporary debate concerning abortion, I introduce phenomenology in the context of medicine, and the way phenomenologists have understood the human body as lived and experienced by its owner. I turn then to the issue of pregnancy and discuss how the embryo or foetus could appear for us, particularly from the perspective of the pregnant woman, and what such showing up would mean from an ethical perspective. The way medical technology has changed the experience of pregnancy –for the pregnant woman, as well as for the father and/or other close ones– is discussed, particularly the implementation of early obstetric ultra-sound screening and blood test (NIPT) for Down's syndrome and other medical defects. I conclude the article by suggesting that phenomenology can help us to negotiate a higher time-limit for legal abortion and, also, provide ways to determine which embryo-foetus defects to look for, and in which cases these should be looked upon as good reasons for performing an abortion. ; En este artículo investigo las maneras en que la fenomenología podría guiar nuestros puntos de vista sobre los puntos a favor y/o en contra del aborto. Por lo que sé, muy pocos fenomenólogos han dirigido su atención hacia este tema, aun cuando algunos se hayan esforzado en comprender y articular mejor los temas estrechamente relacionados al embarazo y al nacimiento, particularmente en el contexto de la filosofía feminista. Después de presentar el debate ético-político actual sobre el aborto, introduzco a la fenomenología en el contexto de la medicina y examino cómo los fenomenólogos han considerado al cuerpo ...