Suchergebnisse

Open access to research is no longer a fanciful notion promoted by a small group of advocates: it has become a mainstream concept embraced by governments, funders, institutions and researchers. It is an enabler of knowledge societies. UNESCO and the World Bank have endorsed the potential benefits of open access to the whole world. Open access has been shown to increase the impact of research on other sectors, notably the small business, education and health sectors. It improves effciencies in the research process wherever it is undertaken – in academia, in industry and commerce, in the cultural heritage sector and by independent researchers. Research moves more quickly and more effciently if there are no barriers to locating and accessing information. Open access also saves money and this, coupled with effciency gains, means that the future system of scholarly communication will be cheaper and better, with payoffs for producers of research and for those who can – given free access – use it.

Executive Summary: The EUR-OCEANS Consortium (http://www.eur-oceans.eu/) has the ambition to fund and promote activities that ultimately publish top-level scientific research, with maximum impact and of key relevance to policy formulation, within the relatively modest financial resources provided by its core members. The current publishing practice would place EUR-OCEANS funded/promoted publications behind a subscription barrier, thus limiting access to the desired target audience of off-campus non-academics. This strategy would require that the Consortium has sufficient resources and knowledge to correctly identifying all potential stakeholders and promote the relevant research all of the time, which is not necessarily the case. 'Open Access', through 'self-archiving', offers a legal and cost-free method for removing the subscription barrier to the Consortium's research output, and making the publications available for text-mining by non expected stakeholders, and in the process making the Consortium research more accessible, visible and citable. Considering all financial, legal and infrastructure issues, 'self-archiving' exposes the Consortium to no additional risk with publishers, funding agencies or additional financial costs for infrastructure or implementation. The only real 'cost' of 'self-archiving' is associated with additional 15-20 min spent per article by EUR-OCEANS Consortium beneficiaries to deposit their accepted and peer-reviewed version of a publication in an open access repository. The most significant barrier to further implementation of 'open access' is no longer technical, legal or quality-related, as each of those problems has been targeted by specialist groups over the last two decades, and publishers are adapting their position to accommodate for the funders and government pressure for open access to research. What hinders further implementation are misconception that 'self-archiving' compromises peer-review, lack of awareness of the benefits and coherent training of how to optimize on ...

International audience ; Summary: No research institution can afford all the journals its researcers may need, so all articles are losing research impact (usage and citations). Articles that are made "Open Access," (OA) by self-archiving them on the web are cited twice as much, but only about 15% of articles are being spontaneously self-archived. The only institutions approaching 100% self-archiving are those that mandate it. Surveys show that 95% of authors will comply with a self-archiving mandate; the actual experience of institutions with mandates has confirmed this. What institutions and funders need to mandate is that (1) immediately upon acceptance for publication (2) the author's final draft must be (3) deposited into the Institutional Repository (IR). Only the depositing needs to be mandated; setting access privileges to the full-text as either OA or CA (Closed Access) can be left up to the author. For articles published in the 62% of journals that have already endorsed self-archiving, access can be set as OA immediately; for the embargoed 38%, all would-be users can have almost-immediate almost-OA to the deposited CA document by using the IR's semi-automatised "email eprint request" button. ; Résumé : Aucune institution de recherche ne peut offrir à ses chercheurs tous les périodiques dont ils peuvent avoir besoin, si bien que tous les articles perdent de leur impact de recherche (usage et citations). Les articles qui sont mis en Libre Accès (LA) par auto-archivage sur le web, sont deux fois plus cités, mais seulement environ 15% des articles sont spontanément auto-archivés. Les seules institutions qui approchent 100% d'auto-archivage sont celles qui l'exigent. Les enquêtes montrent que 95% des auteurs sont d'accord pour obtempérer; l'expérience réelle des institutions avec un mandat l'a confirmé. Ce que les institutions et les organismes bailleurs de fond doivent exiger est que (1) immédiatement après l'acceptation de la publication (2) le dernier écrit de l'auteur soit (3) déposé dans l'archive ...

EXECUTIVE Summary This brief outlines simplified Open Science Learning Objectives for the main stakeholders in the Research Ecosystem. Learning Objectives are structured by Open Science Topics according to a functional Open Science Taxonomy (Pontica et al., 2015), that accompany the main responsibilities of each stakeholders along the Research Lifecycle. The ultimate objective is to support the integration of Open Science best practices into the daily routine of performing and supporting research, to underpin implementation of Horizon 2020 Mandate on Access to Scientific Information, and augment the "societal impact" and uptake of research, for the benefit of all stakeholders in the knowledge creation process (ultimately underpinning "co-creation"). Specific Learning Objectives are structured in increasing level of competence, frequently ending with successful integration of Open Science best practices in the daily research routine, facilitating self-assessment of the personal workflow. The Learning Objectives can provide a backbone for a structured learning plan for Doctoral Schools with the ambition to train future researchers in optimizing their societal impact, alongside research excellence training, as well as preparing graduates for new and emerging research impact measures and criteria. Support with relevant training content will be provided in parallel through the FOSTER Portal and accompanying e-Learning and self-learning modules. The brief draws on FP7 FOSTER Work Packages 2 Content, WP3 Portal (Open Science Taxonomy, and learning portal infrastructure) and WP4 Training (Deliverable D4.5 Training ToolKit). RATIONALE: The political drive for Open Science from the funding agency (EC[1]) point of view is mainly Return On Investment (ROI), ethics (taxpayer access to public funded research), and stimulating Open Innovation[2] through free-flow of ideas in order to boost economic growth through transfer of knowledge to the knowledge-based Small/Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The Open Science community of ...