Suchergebnisse

Abstrak -- Konflik sosial sebagai salah satu bentuk ancaman non-militer yang dapat menyerang negara kapan saja. Para Pemangku Kepentingan UUPKS dituntut untuk bekerjasama guna menanggulangi konflik sosial dengan keterbatasan UUPKS dengan kekosongan hukumnya. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah Belum adanya leading sektor lembaga penanganan nasional, dan dibarengi dengan tumpang tindih kewenangan lembaga dalam hal penanganan konflik sehingga menjadi ancaman terhadap konflik sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui antara sinergi para Pemangku Kepentingan UUPKS dalam penanggulangan konflik sosial, dan kebutuhan pembentukan lembaga penanggulangan konflik sosial di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi dengan empat narasumber dari kementerian terkait yang dijadikan sebagai sampel . Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah (1) Terdapat sinergi yang baik antara para Pemangku Kepentingan UUPKS dalam menangani konflik sosial. Sinergi ini sayangnya tidak dibarengi dengan kolaborasi yang baik antar pemerintah pusat dengan pemerintah daerah, mengingat bahwa banyak kasus konflik yang tidak mampu diselesaikan oleh pemerintah daerah dan tidak memiliki kordinasi yang cukup bagus dengan pemerintah pusat, dan (2) Jika dilihat dari kacamata keamanan pada umumnya, kebutuhan akan lembaga penanganan konflik belum mencapai titik yang urgen. Namun jika dilihat dari kacamata resolusi konflik, lembaga penanganan konflik sangat diperlukan mengingat bahwa konflik sosial senantiasa bisa terjadi kapan saja, mengingat konflik sosial adalah bencana sosial yang juga membutuhkan mitigasi.Kata Kunci: lembaga negara, konflik sosial, pemangku kepentingan Abstract -- Social conflict as a form of non-military threat that can attack the country at any time. Stateholders of UUPKS are required to work together to overcome social conflict with the limitations of the UUPKS with its legal vacuum. The purpose of this research is to find out between the UUPKS Pemangku Kepentingan synergies in overcoming social conflicts, and the need to establish social conflict prevention institutions in Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The results of the research obtained are (1) There is good synergy between the Pemangku Kepentingans of UUPKS in dealing with social conflicts. This synergy is unfortunately not accompanied by good collaboration between the central government and local governments, given that many cases of conflict that cannot be resolved by the local government and do not have good coordination with the central government, and (2) the need for conflict institutions has not reached an urgent point. However, if viewed from the perspective of conflict resolution, the institutions are urgently needed considering that social conflict can always occur at any time, given that social conflict is a social disaster that also requires mitigation.Keywords: institution, social conflict, stake holders

Dalam perspektif keamanan, wilayah Indonesia dan kawasan Asia Tenggara secara keseluruhan merupakan kawasan yang strategis baik dalam aspek ekonomi, politik, maupun militer. Kondisi ini juga memiliki potensi dan tantangan yang kompleks dan berisiko menimbulkan ketegangan antar negara. Pasca Perang Korea dan Perang Dunia ke II perkembangan krisis di Semenanjung Korea masih terus berlanjut. Kemudian Korea Utara memilih untuk membangun kapabilitas militer yang semakin meningkat. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang berdekatan dengan wilayah Semenanjung Korea dan kondisi ini dapat memberikan dampak terhadap kedaulatan dan keamanan negara Indonesia, khususnya kegiatan uji coba nuklir yang telah dilakukan oleh Korea Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia dan bagaimana peran para aktor yang terlibat dalam menanggapi isu tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini membahas isu tersebut dengan teori konstruktifis dan konsep diplomasi pertahanan dalam proses analisisnya. Hasil pembahasan penelitian ini adalah bentuk diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia dalam menanggapi krisis di Semenanjung Korea.Kata Kunci : ASEAN, diplomasi pertahanan, denuklirisasi, strategi pertahanan, keamanan kawasan

In a security perspective, the territory of Indonesia and the Southeast Asia region as a whole are strategic areas in economic, political and military aspects. This condition also has complex potential challenges and risks for creating tension among countries. After the Korean War and World War II the development of the crisis on the Korean Peninsula continued. North Korea chose to build and to increase its military capabilities. Indonesia as one of the adjacent countries to the Korean Peninsula, could get an impact to the sovereignty and security of the country. Especially caused by North Korea's nuclear testing activities. This study aims to determine the form of Indonesian Defense Diplomacy and how the roles of the involved actors in responding to the issue. By using qualitative research methods, this study discusses the issue with constructivist theory and the concept of defense diplomacy for the analysis. The result of this research is a form of Indonesian defense diplomacy in response to the crisis on the Korean Peninsula.Keywords: ASEAN, defense diplomacy, denuclearization, defense strategy, regional security

Terrorism is a threat that not only jeopardizes a country's security, but also the survival of ASEAN as a regional organization, the security of peace and stability, and the region's overall economic possibilities. This research aimed to examine the implementation of Counter-terrorism (CT) cooperation in the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) from the perspective of Indonesia's defense diplomacy. The research method used was the qualitative method which is based on the combination of interviews and literature review regarding ASEAN's or ARF's Counter-terrorism cooperation and Indonesia's defense diplomacy from the year 2015-2019. The findings showed that CT cooperation is less discussed in the mechanism of the ARF since the current focus of ARF is on Trafficking in Person (TIP) and threats of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN). Meanwhile, from the perspective of defense diplomacy, Indonesia has successfully initiated ARF Statement on Preventing and Countering Terrorism and Violent Extremism Conducive to Terrorism (VECT) with Australia and New Zealand in 2019. However, it is undeniable that CT cooperation through the ARF mechanism remains difficult to achieve due to several obstacles, including the differences of national interests and legal framework, the principle of non-interference, and the existence of mutual distrust between participating countries.

Abstract - Illegal Immigrant is a common problem between Indonesia and Australia. However, in handling the problem in sea border, Indonesia take a humanitarian approach while Australia take security approach through Operation Sovereign Border that had resulted to diplomatic confrontation. Therefore, this study focus on analyzing synergy of the two countries in dealing with illegal immigrant in sea border area. This study uses national security, migration as security issue to analyze national interest. Cooperative security, defense diplomacy, synergy concept and naval diplomacy theory to analyze defense diplomacy implementation as a whole. The approach of this study is qualitative method through data collection processed by software NVivo which are beneficial for coding, triangulation, and finding relations among interviewees while Soft System Methodology used as data analysis technique consist of seven steps that are very comprehensive in explaining the whole study. The results of this study showed the two countries have not synergized yet. Indonesia and Australia have common non-traditional security interests and different traditional security interests because Indonesia has a territorial importance base opposed to Australian immigration interests. Indonesia and Australia have been doing bilateral defense diplomacy through 2 + 2 Dialogue, Defense Ministers Meeting and Navy to Navy Talk but have not produced a concrete solution, therefore sharing responsibility and Confidence Building Measures have not been achieved. Thus, naval diplomacy is required to support defense diplomacy through coordinated patrols that Standard Operating Procedure and Standard Exercise Procedure must be formulated in order to achieve interests of both countries.Keywords: Illegal Immigrants, National Security, Defense Diplomacy, Synergy, Soft System Methodology

Abstrak--Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami persepsi dan mispersepsi antarnegara pengaku kedaulatan di Laut Tiongkok Selatan, serta melihat peluang diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini memiliki dua bagian analisis utama. Bagian pertama berisikan analisis mengenai persepsi dan mispersepsi negara-negara yang memiliki klaim kedaulatan di wilayah maritime yang berpotensi bereskalasi menjadi konflik kekerasan. Untuk bagian pertama ini peneliti akan menggunakan pendekatan persepsi dan mispersepsi dalam politik internasional. Bagian kedua berisikan analisis mengenai peluang diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia untuk meredam mispersepsi antarnegara dan meningkatkan sikap saling percaya untuk mencegah eskalasi konflik di wilayah maritim ini. Untuk bagian kedua ini peneliti akan menggunakan pendekatan diplomasi pertahanan. Secara akademik dan empirik, Penelitian ini akan berkontribusi memberikan alternative pemahaman dan masukan kebijakan terkait sengketa di Laut Tiongkok Selatan melalui analisis yang memiliki sandaran teoritik yang jelas (theory-informed analysis).Kata Kunci: Laut Tiongkok Selatan, persepsi, mispersepsi, diplomasi pertahanan Abstract--This study aims to understand the perception and misperception of the claimant states in the South China Sea disputes and examine the opportunities for Indonesia's defense diplomacy. Using qualitative method, this study proceeds with two main parts. The first part analyzes the prospect of conflict escalation caused by the perception and misperception among the claimant states in the South China Sea disputes. The authors employ perception and misperception approach in International Relations in the analysis. The second part of the study examines the opportunities for Indonesia's defense diplomacy in reducing the misperception, mitigating the confict escalation as well as increasing mutual trust and confidence among the conflicting parties. In this second part, the authors make use of "defense diplomacy" as the conceptual tool. This study is academically and empirically significant as it contributes by giving alternative understanding on the South China Sea disputes as well as research-based and theory-informed policy recommendation.Keywords: South China Sea, perception and misperception, defense diplomacy

The Republic of Indonesia Fisheries Management Region is an area that intended for controlling the fisheries management activities. However, the potential value of fisheries in WPP-RI 711 has been decreasing starting from 2016 to 2017. The problems are about fisheries resource management activities in the region which are then linked to government policy control. This study seeks to determine the development of fisheries resource production in FMR-RI 711, the level of utilization based on management with the MSY and MEY models, and also control of sustainable fisheries policies. This study uses experimental quantitative methods with the Schaefer, Fox and Gordon models. Data obtained came from fisheries resource groups and data samples were taken from shrimp groups. The results of the analysis show that the average development of fisheries resource production in FMR-RI 711 has decreased even experienced overfishing in the commodity of Small Pelagic Fish and Crustaceans. The Schaefer model is considered the most appropriate because it has a determination coefficient value of 42.9% and has an optimum effort value of 179 trips/year, with the MSY value obtained at 3.8520 tons/year. The policy controls carried out so far are still very lacking and need to take firm action from the government in overcoming fisheries problems that are overfishing. Therefore, it can be concluded that fisheries management in FMR-RI 711 has not run optimally, then fisheries management should also be carried out by considering the economic aspects of fisheries, besides it also needs serious efforts on fisheries supervision and the development of a cost model to maintain resources from overfishing.Keywords: Fisheries management, Fisheries policy, FMR-RI 711