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World Affairs Online
Kim Il Sung in the Khrushchev era: Soviet-DPRK relations and the roots of North Korean despotism, 1953 - 1964
In: Cold War international history project series
Magyar-kínai kapcsolatok 1949–1989: Péter Vámos, [Hungarian-Chinese relations 1949–1989] (Budapest: Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem – L'Harmattan Kiadó, 2020), 876 pp
In: Cold war history, Volume 23, Issue 1, p. 207-209
ISSN: 1743-7962
The "Sole Legal Government of Vietnam": The Bao Dai Factor and Soviet Attitudes toward Vietnam, 1947–1950
In: Journal of Cold War studies, Volume 20, Issue 3, p. 3-56
ISSN: 1531-3298
Earlier historical studies often suggested that the Soviet leader Iosif Stalin, distrustful as he was of Ho Chi Minh's policies and attributing little importance to Vietnam, remained unwilling to recognize the Democratic Republic of Vietnam until the Chinese Communist leaders threw their weight behind their Vietnamese comrades. On the basis of Soviet press articles, Hungarian archival documents, United Nations (UN) records, and other sources, this article shows that in fact Soviet interest in Vietnam significantly increased as early as 1948–1949, well before the proclamation of the People's Republic of China. This interest, expressed in growing press coverage and sporadic efforts to represent North Vietnam's cause in various UN organs, seems to have been linked to Moscow's strong disapproval of France's attempts to create an anti-Communist "puppet state." From the outset, the USSR took the position that the Communist North was the sole legitimate representative of the Vietnamese nation and, hence, that the Bao Dai regime in the South was ipso facto illegitimate. The article concludes that Chinese support to Ho Chi Minh was only one of the three major factors that persuaded Stalin to recognize North Vietnam; the two others were the "Bao Dai factor" and Moscow's dissatisfaction with France's new European policy.
Solidarity within limits: Interkit and the evolution of the Soviet Bloc's Indochina policy, 1967–1985
In: Cold war history, Volume 17, Issue 4, p. 385-403
ISSN: 1743-7962
Modern China-Myanmar Relations: Dilemmas of Mutual Dependence
In: Journal of Cold War studies, Volume 16, Issue 4, p. 245-248
ISSN: 1531-3298
In the Shadow of Vietnam: A New Look at North Korea's Militant Strategy, 1962–1970
In: Journal of Cold War studies, Volume 14, Issue 4, p. 122-166
ISSN: 1531-3298
North Korea pursued a highly confrontational strategy vis-à-vis South Korea and the United States throughout the 1960s. This article places Pyongyang's strategy into the context of the Vietnam War. Recently declassified evidence reveals that certain North Korean actions, including the Blue House raid in January 1968 and a series of belligerent acts committed in 1970, were considerably influenced by the military operations in Vietnam and Cambodia. But in some other incidents, such as the seizure of the USS Pueblo intelligence-gathering vessel, the Vietnam War played a far more marginal role. In any case, North Korean actions seem not to have been motivated by an intention to lessen U.S. and South Korean pressure on Hanoi. In 1969 Pyongyang disapproved of, rather than welcomed, the start of de-escalation in Vietnam. Mainly, the North Korean leader, Kim Il Sung, sought to achieve his own aims by taking advantage of America's preoccupation with the Vietnam War.
Thomas A. Bass, The Spy Who Loved Us: The Vietnam War and Pham Xuan An's Dangerous Game. New York: PublicAffairs, 2009. 297 pp
In: Journal of Cold War studies, Volume 13, Issue 1, p. 244-246
ISSN: 1531-3298
Maneuvering between Baghdad and Tehran: North Korea's Relations with Iraq and Iran during the Cold War
In: Journal of Cold War studies, Volume 25, Issue 2, p. 179-247
ISSN: 1531-3298
Abstract
This article explores how North Korean leaders tried to maneuver between Iran and Iraq to gain greater leverage in the Cold War. Both of these Middle Eastern countries seemed potentially attractive partners for Pyongyang, but they were often on hostile terms with each other. The article considers how the Iraq-Iran rivalry and domestic changes in Iraq and Iran affected North Korean policy. Even when Pyongyang's cooperation with one or the other of the two states reached a high level, the North Koreans also reached out to the other country, regardless of the position of either state and of external actors such as the Soviet Union and China. The North Koreans generally avoided taking a public stand on the Iraq-Iran dispute, but on occasion they became more deeply involved. Mainly, the North Korean government sought to maximize the number of its partners, rather than to make a stable commitment to just one state. In turn, both Iraq and Iran eventually came to perceive North Korea as a state that was mostly out to benefit itself rather than helping either of them.
Take-Off in an Inhospitable Climate: The Role of Infrastructure, Governance, and Political Stability in Export-Oriented Manufacturing in Asia's Latest Comers
In: European journal of East Asian studies, Volume 21, Issue 1, p. 74-115
ISSN: 1570-0615
Abstract
The article examines the role of infrastructure, governance, and political stability in the development of export-oriented manufacturing (EOM) in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam, comparing their experiences with Africa's slower industrial growth. These factors occupy a prominent place in transaction cost economics, and the World Bank's development programs strongly stressed infrastructure building and good governance. The article concludes that despite the assumptions expressed in the World Bank's recommendations, neither efficient infrastructure nor good governance nor political stability constituted a prerequisite of EOM in the Asian latecomers. In these spheres, the performance of EOM-reliant Bangladesh and Cambodia was hardly favourable if compared to Vietnam, Laos, and Africa. Still, the contrast between Vietnam's diversified industrial exports and the narrow export profile of Bangladesh and Cambodia implies that a country cannot evolve from factor-driven development to efficiency-driven and innovation-driven development without overcoming the problems of poor infrastructure, red tape, corruption, and political instability.
Courting the "Traitor to the Arab Cause": Egyptian-North Korean Relations in the Sadat Era, 1970-1981
In: S/N Korean humanities, Volume 5, Issue 1, p. 103-136
ISSN: 2384-0692
Immunity to Resistance? State-Society Relations and Political Stability in North Korea in a Comparative Perspective
In: North Korean Review, Volume 10, Issue 1, p. 55-70
China's Controversial Role in North Korea's Economic Transformation
In: Asian survey, Volume 53, Issue 2, p. 269-291
ISSN: 1533-838X
This article investigates the causes of North Korea's failure to pursue export-oriented industrialization, and examines whether Sino-North Korean economic cooperation might facilitate such a transformation or not. It concludes that Sino-North Korean economic interactions are more likely to reinforce North Korea's traditional resource dependency than to stimulate export-oriented industrialization.
China's controversial role in North Korea's economic transformation: the dilemmas of dependency
In: Asian survey: a bimonthly review of contemporary Asian affairs, Volume 53, Issue 2, p. 269-291
ISSN: 0004-4687
World Affairs Online
Northeast Asia - Kim IL SUNG IN THE KHRUSHCHEV ERA: Soviet-DPRK Relations and the Roots of North Korean Despotism; 1953-1964
In: Pacific affairs, Volume 80, Issue 1, p. 115
ISSN: 0030-851X