Suchergebnisse

Opportunism instead of idealism. Some reflections about the "realism" of the United Peasant Party and its members
The article deals with the functioning of the United Peasant Party during the years of the "People's" Republic of Poland. The essays analyses the scholarly literature and the views of the researchers on the statute od the Party, as well as recounts the basic facts from its history between 1949 and 1989. The author based his findings on a detailed historical research on the operating of UPP in the Krakow region (1949‑1956) and concluded that during the Stalinism period the party did not rise to the expectations of the Polish United Worker's Party (PZPR), although it acted against the peasant's cause. During the later times (1956‑1989) it gained some independence but still served the interests of the PZPR. According to the author, the party's membership was based mainly on opportunistic reasons. On the other hand, as an example of the realistic approach may serve the case of Stanisław Mierzwa.

Katyn is a symbol of the criminal policy of the Soviet system against the Polish nation. The present study aims to demonstrate the basic facts of Katyn massacre – the execution of almost 22,000 people: Polish prisoners of war in Katyn, Kharkov, Kalinin (Tver) and also other Polish prisoners (soldiers and civilians), which took place in the spring of 1940 in different places of the Soviet Ukraine and Belarus republics based on the decision of the Soviet authorities, that is the Political Bureau of All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of March 5, 1940. This article refers not only to the massacre itself, but also its origin, historical processes and the lies accompanying Katyn massacre. ; Katyn is a symbol of the criminal policy of the Soviet system against the Polish nation. The present study aims to demonstrate the basic facts of Katyn massacre – the execution of almost 22,000 people: Polish prisoners of war in Katyn, Kharkov, Kalinin (Tver) and also other Polish prisoners (soldiers and civilians), which took place in the spring of 1940 in different places of the Soviet Ukraine and Belarus republics based on the decision of the Soviet authorities, that is the Political Bureau of All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of March 5, 1940. This article refers not only to the massacre itself, but also its origin, historical processes and the lies accompanying Katyn massacre.