Suchergebnisse

A.baumannii is an opportunistic bacterium that has emerged in recent decades as a causative agent of potentially epidemic nosocomial infections. This bacterium has been able to develop an impressive resistance against the majority of antibiotics, which explains the therapeutic difficulties encountered. The objective of this work is to determine, through a retrospective study, the epidemiological profile, and the antibiotic resistance of A.baumannii strains isolated from diagnostic specimens made at Avicenne military hospital of Marrakech, and follow their evolution over 5 years (2012-2017). A.baumannii accounted for 3.75% of all isolated organisms during this period (n = 183). All hospital services were concerned, with a predominance of reanimation units (66% of isolates). The results obtained showed that these pathogens originate in 53% of the protected specimen brush and the main infectious sites were pneumopathies and urinary tract infections. An increase in the resistance of A.baumannii isolates for all antibiotics tested was observed (Ceftazidime 87%, Céfépime98%, Imipenem 84%, Ciprofloxacin 96% and Gentamicin 61%). However, all strains remained sensitive to Colistin. These results confirm the multidrug-resistant nature of A.baumannii and its nosocomial nature. This resistance represents a serious therapeutic and epidemiological problem, hence the need for the establishment of a system for monitoring the microbial environment of the hospital and the strict application of preventive measures.

Bacterial multi-resistance is currently a major problem in our hospitals, because of the morbidity and mortality it generates mainly in intensive care and intensive care settings, and also a current medical problem. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile, frequency, and resistance status of bacteria resistant to Carbapenems at the Avicenne military hospital in Marrakech, over a period of 7 years from 2015 to 2021. This is a retrospective descriptive study of all the highly resistant bacteria identified from the database of the microbiology department at the HMA in Marrakech. The results show that the general prevalence of these HRBs was 7.54%, with a clear predominance of Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (53.4%), followed by Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.68%), then Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae (9.57%), and finally Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.17%). The general evolution of isolated HRBs was marked by the gradual and continuous increase in the prevalence of these bacteria during the study period, with a peak in 2020, when the prevalence reached 13.98%. High co-resistance has been found to several antibiotic molecules, which can be administered as an alternative. The rationalization of the prescription of antibiotics and the rigorous application of hygiene and prevention rules will make it possible to limit the emergence of these multi and highly resistant bacteria in our care structures. Knowledge of the bacteriological profiles and rates of resistance to antibiotics of this type of bacteria will allow treatment more adapted to each hospital context, and better targeted.