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Maldivian National Security - And the Threats of Mercenaries
In: The round table: the Commonwealth journal of international affairs, Band 88, Heft 351, S. 433-444
ISSN: 1474-029X
Maldivian national security--and the threats of mercenaries
In: The round table: the Commonwealth journal of international affairs, S. 433-444
ISSN: 0035-8533
Examines protection and security of small states through the Maldives case and its efforts to overcome external threats, such as activities of transnational mercenaries and terrorists, by enhancing defense capabilities and security assistance by diplomacy. In light of attempted coup in 1988 supported by Tamil mercenaries.
Maldivian National Security -And the Threats of Mercenaries
In: The round table: the Commonwealth journal of international affairs, Heft 351, S. 433
ISSN: 0035-8533
BOOK REVIEWS 5
In: Japanese Yearbook on Business History, Band 6, S. 250-253
ISSN: 1884-6181
Shimin shutai no kankyō seisaku, Jō, 市民主体の環境政策, 上, Jōrei, keikaku zukuri kara no sanka
In: Shimin shutai no kankyō seisaku Jō
In: 市民主体の環境政策 上
Do robots facilitate life review narratives of older adults? A preliminary study
In: Gerontechnology: international journal on the fundamental aspects of technology to serve the ageing society, Band 20, Heft 2, S. 1-12
ISSN: 1569-111X
Comparison of Morning Heart Rate Variability at the Beginning and End of a Competition Season in Elite Speed Skaters
In: Snow active: das Schweizer Schneesportmagazin, Band 8, Heft 12, S. 164
The aim of this study was to clarify whether the physiological fatigue status of elite speed skaters is influenced by the approximately five-month international competition season by comparing morning heart rate variability (HRV) at the beginning of the competition season (Japan Single Distances Championships: JSDC) with that at the end of the competition season (World Single Distances Championships: WSDC). Five international-class speed skaters participated in the study. HRV indices and subjective fatigue were measured each morning of the four days prior to the first races of the JSDC and WSDC in the 2007/2008 season. The parasympathetic HRV indices: root mean square of the successive R-R interval differences (RMSSD) (JSDC, 61.0 ms; WSDC, 42.1 ms; p < 0.05), high-frequency component power (HF) (JSDC, 1393 ms2; WSDC, 443 ms2; p < 0.05), and normalized unit of HF (HFnu) (JSDC, 53.2%; WSDC, 25.5%; p < 0.05) were lower for the WSDC than for the JSDC. The decrease in these indices may reflect the skaters' accumulated fatigue during the course of the competition season. Morning measurements of HRV may thus be an efficient way for elite speed skaters and coaches to objectively monitor physiological fatigue throughout the competition season.
Effect of Thoracic Gas Volume Changes on Body Composition Assessed by Air Displacement Plethysmography after Rapid Weight Loss and Regain in Elite Collegiate Wrestlers
In: Snow active: das Schweizer Schneesportmagazin, Band 7, Heft 2, S. 48
We investigated the effect of rapid weight loss (RWL) and weight regain (WR) on thoracic gas volume (VTG) and body composition assessment using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in male wrestlers. Eight male elite collegiate wrestlers completed a RWL regimen (6% of body mass) over a 53-h period, which was followed by a 13-h WR period. ADP was used at three time points (baseline (T1), post-RWL (T2) and post-WR (T3)) according to the manufacturer's testing recommendations. The total body water and bone mineral content were estimated using the stable isotope dilution method and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, respectively, at the same time points. Body composition was assessed with two-component (2C) or four-component (4C) models using either the measured VTG (mVTG) or predicted VTG (pVTG). Measured VTG increased from T1 to T2 (0.36 ± 0.31 L, p < 0.05) and decreased from T2 to T3 (−0.29 ± 0.15 L, p < 0.01). However, the changes in fat mass and fat free mass, which were calculated by both 2C and 4C models, were not significantly different when compared between calculations using mVTG and those using pVTG. Our results indicate that VTG significantly changes during RWL and WR, but both measured and predicted VTG can be used to assess changes in body composition during RWL and WR.