Suchergebnisse

Norges tilslutning til Atlanterhavspakten i 1949 markerte et vendepunkt i norsk sikkerhetspolitikk. Norsk sikkerhet kom til å hvile på NATO, med USA som fremste støttemakt. I den senere tid er det transatlantiske samarbeidet kommet under press, og det stilles spørsmål ved den amerikanske garantien. Det kan medføre en alvorlig utfordring for norsk sikkerhet. På lang sikt vil det kunne vokse frem et strategisk partnerskap i Nord-Europa og Norden, som kan bli en bærebjelke for norsk sikkerhetspolitikk og markere et nytt vendepunkt. Norges strategiske omgivelser er omskiftelige. Samtidig finnes noen bestandige trekk i norsk sikkerhetspolitisk tenkning, som kan betegnes som småstatsrealisme. Viktigst er betydningen av å bli beskyttet av større makter, men også å holde dem på avstand, samt folkeretten og den globale orden som sikkerhetsnett, der rett går foran makt.

"Written by a group of leading experts on Arctic affairs, this book offers a historically informed and comprehensive study of the geopolitics and security challenges of the Arctic. The key aim of the work is to identify the conditions for cooperation, stability and peace in the Arctic and to reach beyond simple description and expectation in order to explore in depth some of the main factors that will determine the future of international relations in the Arctic. Furthermore, it addresses key topics such as the geopolitical significance of the Arctic, the importance of oil and gas resources in the Arctic, and it questions what the main characteristics of governance in the Arctic are, and how institutions and regimes can promote stability and security in the region. The volume maintains three layers of focus. The first relates to Russia, the biggest stakeholder in the Artic. The second relates to the dynamics within the Arctic and the third layer relates to developments outside the region, highlighting that we cannot understand the Arctic in isolation from global developments such as energy markets, security conflicts and NATO-Russian antagonism. This book will be of much interest to students of Arctic politics, security studies, geopolitics, Russian and Scandinavian politics, and international relations in general"--

Abstract
With Finland and Sweden joining NATO, the Nordics will be united for the first time in a military alliance encompassing not only northern Europe but also the broader transatlantic region. It will eventually fortify northern European security, but several obstacles must be overcome first. NATO has done a formidable job since 2014 in updating its defence plans, cumulating in the Deterrence and Defence of the Euro-Atlantic Area (DDA) family of plans approved in Vilnius 2023. Now Finland and Sweden need to be incorporated into these plans. A more challenging task is to implement NATO's New Force Model which is tremendously ambitious. Finland and Sweden's contributions will be important, but new investments must be made. NATO's Command Structure is yet to be fully reformed and fitted to the DDA. Joint Force Command Norfolk must urgently be staffed, without undue politicization in NATO. Nordic defence buildup can draw on regional cooperation in particular in five areas: in strengthening the area's command design through functional double-hatted headquarters; developing close air power cooperation through e.g. a Combined Joint Air Operations Centre; strengthening total defence cooperation across borders and expanding logistical infrastructure; establishing joint intelligence task forces; and joint training and exercises. The contributions of the United States and United Kingdom are indispensable when it comes to upholding the alliance's guarantee in northern Europe. The recent signing of Defense Cooperation Agreements between the US and the Nordics reinforces this—together with an increased presence of air and naval assets in the region. The same applies to the UK and the Joint Expeditionary Force which now has shifted its focus towards northern Europe. This engagement is a crucial addition to Nordic and NATO plans and activities in a period when growth in Nordic defence structures is occurring at a relatively slow pace.