Breaking the 'Bamboo Curtain' and the 'Glass Ceiling': The Experience of Women Entrepreneurs in High-Tech Industries in an Emerging Market
In: Journal of Business Ethics, Band 80, S. 547-564
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In: Journal of Business Ethics, Band 80, S. 547-564
SSRN
Working paper
In: Singapore Journal of Legal Studies, Mar 19, pp147-176 (2019)
SSRN
In: Journal of Asia Pacific business, Band 19, Heft 3, S. 140-165
ISSN: 1528-6940
In: Organization science, Band 28, Heft 1, S. 113-132
ISSN: 1526-5455
While it is well known that state enterprises in transition economies were displaced by private enterprises at a macro level, little is known about whether private entrepreneurs emerged in a way that helped preserve or shift preexisting agglomerations of industrial activity at a microgeographic level. To address this question, we integrate competing perspectives on the role of large, bureaucratic incumbents in spawning entrepreneurs. We conceptualize a trade-off between two countervailing effects of large incumbents on potential entrepreneurs: bureaucratic socialization and exposure to capabilities. This yields novel predictions about how different kinds of startups agglomerate around different kinds of incumbents. We test these predictions using fine-grained geographic data on founding rates by private entrepreneurs in China's bicycle manufacturing industry. Consistent with our theorized trade-off, we find evidence of a nonmonotonic effect of incumbent size on local founding rates by private entrepreneurs. Additional moderating effects are consistent with boundary conditions on the hypothesized mechanisms. Our results provide the first empirical investigation of the extent to which entrepreneurial activity agglomerated around public sector incumbents during economic transition. We discuss how these insights add to the understanding of economic transition as well as how the context of economic transition adds to the understanding of entrepreneurial spawning.
In: Organization Science, 28(1):113-132 (2017)
SSRN
In: International Business Review, Band 6, Heft 4, S. 337-359
SSRN
Working paper
In: Strategic Management Journal, Band 15, Heft 1, S. 1-20
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Working paper
In: Zhang , C , Tan , J & Tan , D 2016 , ' Fit by adaptation or fit by founding? A comparative study of existing and new entrepreneurial cohorts in China ' , Strategic Management Journal , vol. 37 , no. 5 , pp. 911-931 . https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2355
Extant research provides ambiguous views on the network adaptability of existing ventures and new ventures during environmental change. Applying an institutional perspective, this research aims to provide a clearer picture by comparing the adaptation and network configurations of existing vs new entrepreneurial cohorts during China's institutional change after 1992. The qualitative and quantitative analyses show that the existing cohort of entrepreneurs display network inertia, in that they largely maintain strong tie–based political and market networks; the new cohort instead demonstrate better adaptation by establishing fewer political networks but more weak and diverse market networks. This comparative research unpacks the institutional mechanisms underlying such differences, and serves as a ground for future investigations dealing with the strategic actions of different entrepreneurial cohorts that are largely neglected in previous studies.
BASE
In: American behavioral scientist: ABS, Band 59, Heft 8, S. 977-991
ISSN: 1552-3381
Existing studies have been inconclusive on whether and the extent to which gendered social networks contribute to the gender gap in business performance. Drawing on a random sample of Chinese Canadian entrepreneurs, this research examines the nexus of social networks, Internet use, and the gender gap in business performance. Results reveal a marked gender difference in firm size, which becomes narrowed after social networks, voluntary association participation, Internet use, and business characteristics are controlled. More important, network composition and structural position have different implications for men and women entrepreneurs. Men are more effective in converting relational advantages into business advantages. Interaction effects suggest that kin homophily hurts women's business performance but not men's. Yet, women gain more from participating in transnational entrepreneurship.
In: Journal of Business Ethics, Forthcoming
SSRN
In: Journal of Management, Band 27, S. 409-429
SSRN
Working paper
In: Reproductive sciences: RS : the official journal of the Society for Reproductive Investigation, Band 25, Heft 7, S. 985-999
ISSN: 1933-7205