Chapter 1:Introduction -- Chapter 2: Development of Renewable Energy Policy Norms and Legislation in the EU -- Chapter 3: Development of Renewable Energy Policy Norms and Legislation in Member States -- Chapter:4 Policy Implementation in the EU Member States -- Chapter 5: Conclusion.
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This book analyses how domestic and European structures impact on national actors' identities, interests and foreign policy practices. Employing Norway as the case study area, the author uses this nation as an example to assess Europeanization and identity politics across the European Union (EU).Utilising an original and innovative approach called 'social constructivist fusion perspective', the author addresses Europeanization across several key factors. The author assesses the influence of the EU on 'half-way member countries', and the impact of identity politics and domestic.
This article seeks to explain the role of identity politics in defining the national elite's perceptions of the European Union and their foreign policy choices. It is argued that when analyzing foreign policy choices of the national elite, not only the interests and preferences but also the identity questions must be taken into account. In any national context, ideas, identities, and perceptions of self and the EU are expected to impact on the subsequent policy choices about Europe. This article seeks to explain this impact by applying a combination of the fusion approach and social constructivist approach on Norwegian policy-makers. Although not a member of the EU, Norway established a good level of economic integration and political cooperation with the EU through the European Economic Area Agreement. This article seeks to analyse this relationship empirically using Justice and Home Affairs Policy as a case study area.
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The European Union defined itself as a global leader in the promotion and development of renewable energy sources. The European Union initiated crucial changes in renewable energy policies in its Member States. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of policy debate and policy outputs adopted by the European Union and by the Czech Republic over a fourteen-year period (2004-2018). We investigate how the Czech Republic's domestic policy on renewable energy sources has reacted to EU-level policy norms, strategies and institutional developments. There are different theories used to explain differentiated processes of Europeanization of domestic structures. One of them, the institutionalist approach reveals how the European Union effect is filtered and mediated through pre-existing domestic institutions, rules, norms and political cultures. We demonstrate that Czech policy makers implemented crucial EU-level policy norms to the national legislative framework, but these norms have not been fully internalized by political actors and society. Thus, the promotion of renewable energy sources in the Czech Republic can be considered as a direct effect of policy development at the EU level, not as output of autonomous Czech policy debate. It poses certain risk for the future development of renewable energy sources policy support.