Suchergebnisse

Agunah activism, a flagship struggle of Religious-Zionist feminism, links gender politics, Jewish-Orthodox politics, and national Israeli politics. This qualitative study focuses on agunah activists' strategies and conceptions of change, highlighting the complex ways religious women radically transform conservative contexts, complicated by intersections of religion, gender, and state. It examines dynamic boundary-work and how activists deploy the inner workings of "the Halakhic framework" to shift creatively between social positioning, ideological or cultural positioning, and a political positioning to create "change from within". My case study troubles the premise that religion and feminism are antithetical, and that distinct identities or set social locations predetermine social movements' frames or actions. I expand upon the term "tempered radicals" which challenges reformist/revolutionary and conservative/radical binaries. "Tempered radical" strategies are two-pronged: a tempered mode of modulation and moderation to rock the boat without falling out (avoid the red lines, find "the right way") and a radical mode of stirring the sea and creating horizons (arrive there, one way or another). Dynamically holding both modes together, through a "multifocal lens"—the world-as-it-is and the world-as-it-should-be—enables their strategic maneuverings. They remain "within" while radically transforming individuals, communities, Jewish law, Orthodox society and the Israeli public sphere. This study demonstrates how religious and gendered structures are at once constitutive and mutable.

This study explores how religious women become legitimate actors in the public sphere and analyzes their agency—its meanings, capacities, and transformative aims. It presents a novel case study of Israeli Modern-Orthodox Agunah activists who engage in highly politicized collective feminist resistance as religious actors working for religious ends. Embedded in and activated by Orthodoxy, they advocate women's rights to divorce, voicing a moral critique of tradition and its agents precisely because they are devoutly devoted to them. Such political agency is innovatively conceptualized as "devoted resistance": critique within relationship, enabled by cultural schema, and comprising both interpretive skills and "relational-autonomy" capacities. This study contends that understanding agency within religious grammars reveals its underlying logics, highlighting how structures shape the meanings and realization of women's varied "agentive capacities." It challenges current dichotomies like feminism/religion, resistance/submission, and autonomy/dependence. Overall, the author argues for a nuanced, culturally specific, capacity-based, relational approach to analyzing religious women's agency.

"This scholarship operationalizes Cover's notion of "nomos and narrative" and develops tools to analyze shifting entanglements between religion, gender, and law. The authors propose a "narrative ripeness test" to assess how and when change processes within a minority cultural community may be affected - accelerated or hindered - by state intervention"--

Abstract: This paper is the first to identify and conceptualize theological notions in contemporary rabbinic discourse which serve to undermine the advancement of women's rights and curtail the integration of feminist notions and norms into religious Zionist society in Israel. Our analysis identifies five discursive moves that serve as broad theological obstacles, providing religious grounding for the current illiberal hostility to feminism in Israel. The primary axes of backlash in rabbinic discourse are: "sacrifice," "the slippery slope," "gender essentialism," "normalcy" or "family values," and "nationalism". We argue that the emergence of these specific critiques at this time is tied to their role as oppositional narratives that counter the rising prominence of religious Zionist feminism. We examine this case in light of local and global trends such as "anti-gender ideologies," thereby contributing to the burgeoning literature on the rise of illiberal cultural and political forces in Western countries and emphasizing the roles played by religious ideologies, leaders and discourses in shaping and legitimizing an anti-feminist backlash.

Transformational learning is a process resulting in deep and significant change in habitual patterns of identity, thought, emotion, and action, enabling new approaches to role enactment. This article explores how moving from a framework of dilemmas, which require solutions and one-sided choices, to a framework of paradoxes that embraces tensions and contradictions can contribute to meaningful transformational learning in the context of women's leadership development. Drawing on recent theories of paradoxes and on critical feminist theory, we propose a critical feminist pedagogy of paradoxes for developing women's leadership of social change enterprises. This perspective is put forth based on our analysis of an experiential course in a graduate gender studies program wherein participants take on leadership roles and interrogate them, by integrating theoretical discussions, reflection, and practical engagement in social activism. We use case studies from our students' experiences in the field and in the classroom to demonstrate and explore the use of paradoxical thinking for teaching complex modes of leadership. We then show how fundamental, unresolvable paradoxes can be generative of novel ways of enacting social change leadership. We suggest several advantages and implications that this critical feminist pedagogy of paradoxes can have on the development of women's leadership.