Suchergebnisse

Das verstärkte Streben der USA nach der globalen Vorherrschaft, das insbesondere durch den Krieg gegen den Irak im Jahr 2003 zum Ausdruck gebracht worden ist, löst in der Wissenschaft und Politik die Debatte um eine neue unipolare oder multipolare Weltordnung aus. In dieser Debatte sehen viele Autoren ein erkennbares Ordnungsmuster in der Weltpolitik. Diese Arbeit führt eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit der aktuellen Debatte um eine neue Weltordnung aus. Die Untersuchung der Arbeit weist die Tatsache auf, dass die gegenwärtige Weltordnungspolitik sich nicht einfach durch die Modelle wie unipolare, bipolare und multipolare Weltordnungen beschreiben lässt. So kann die existierende Weltordnungspolitik nicht als ein erkennbares Ordnungsmuster charakterisiert werden. Es existiert also gegenwärtig – nach der Analyse der Arbeit – keine globalgültige Ordnung, sondern nur regionale und nationale Ordnungen, die um ihre Gültigkeit in der Weltordnungspolitik miteinander konkurrieren.

This paper provides a detailed description of venture capital (VC) investments in clean energy industries in China over the period 2006&ndash ; 2017 and explores the evolution of clean energy industry VC networks through network formation and network dissolution. Results from the separable temporal exponential-family random graph model (STERGM) show that the factors vary in their relative importance for clean energy industry VC network formation and dissolution. Specifically, governmental venture capital (GVC) and geographic proximity have strong impacts on the formation of networks but not on their dissolution. Reputation and structural embeddedness promote the formation of networks and inhibit their dissolution, and cognitive proximity is found to cause network formation while facilitating network dissolution. The results provide practical and theoretical guidance for the network development of VC firms investing in clean energy industries.

Abstract
After the Second World War ended in 1945, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) tried to seize Qingdao, a major port city on the Shandong Peninsula. The landing of U.S. Marines there foiled the CCP's attempt. With the support of the Kuomintang (KMT)—the CCP's main enemy—the U.S. Marines stayed in Qingdao throughout the civil war in China, from late 1945 to mid-1949. Drawing on archival sources from China, the United States, the former Soviet Union, Great Britain, and Japan, this article explores CCP-KMT-U.S. interactions regarding the presence of U.S. Marines in Qingdao. The KMT-CCP civil war influenced—and was influenced by—the presence of the Marines in Qingdao. The KMT government depended on the U.S. Marines for security, whereas the CCP, opposing the U.S. presence, took a tough propaganda stance but remained cautious in its actions. The United States ultimately decided to withdraw the Marines to avoid overt involvement in the Chinese civil war. This type of triangular engagement influenced the future pattern of Cold War confrontations among the three parties.

AbstractDuring significant social transformations, the government and society are closely interconnected with each other, mediated by the family. A special group of the state‐owned enterprises in China prepared for national security and infrastructure constructions. The Third Front (TF), such as the Anding Computer Factory, were typical small societies that confronted the decline of the work unit system and the socioeconomic transformation from a planned economy to a socialist market system. This study attempts to understand the lives of employee residents in the Anding factory community by applying long‐term participant observation and in‐depth interviews. Overall, both the Anding community and its employees can be considered to have experienced three historical stages—the productive youth, the confused midlife, and the unsettled twilight years. The material culture, organization, and spirit were all profoundly impacted in each of the three periods. After realizing the unstoppable deindustrializing trend and the rising social disparity brought along by the free market, employees gradually transferred their considerations from the factory society to the future of their families as a cultural adaptaion. Driven by the priority rule of profits, the employees' lives are full of contradictions and are poorly suited to the economically competitive society. This study opens a novel dialog between ethnography, industrial relations, labor history, elderly affairs, and social dynamics.