Suchergebnisse

International audience ; This paper scrutinises the relationship between Georges Laplace and Italian prehistoric research during the second half of the 20th century. The intellectual and institutional consequences of Laplace's scientific mobility are analysed both as regards the evolution of Italian Palaeolithic research and Laplace's own professional career. This individual-centred perspective also appears as a relevant proxy to depict the institutions and actors that formed the French-Italian part of the internationalised scientific prehistoric archaeology community, as well as some effects of the scientific policy of each country. ; Cet article examine les relations tenues entre Georges Laplace et la recherche préhistorique italienne au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle. Les conséquences intellectuelles et institutionnelles de sa mobilité spatiale sont analysées tant du point de vue de l'évolution de la recherche paléolithique italienne que de celui de la trajectoire personnelle de Laplace. Cette approche centrée sur un individu est également un moyen de rendre compte des acteurs et institutions qui constituèrent la partie franco-italienne d'une communauté archéologique internationalisée, ainsi que de certains effets des politiques scientifiques de chacun de ces deux pays.

International audience ; This paper scrutinises the relationship between Georges Laplace and Italian prehistoric research during the second half of the 20th century. The intellectual and institutional consequences of Laplace's scientific mobility are analysed both as regards the evolution of Italian Palaeolithic research and Laplace's own professional career. This individual-centred perspective also appears as a relevant proxy to depict the institutions and actors that formed the French-Italian part of the internationalised scientific prehistoric archaeology community, as well as some effects of the scientific policy of each country. ; Cet article examine les relations tenues entre Georges Laplace et la recherche préhistorique italienne au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle. Les conséquences intellectuelles et institutionnelles de sa mobilité spatiale sont analysées tant du point de vue de l'évolution de la recherche paléolithique italienne que de celui de la trajectoire personnelle de Laplace. Cette approche centrée sur un individu est également un moyen de rendre compte des acteurs et institutions qui constituèrent la partie franco-italienne d'une communauté archéologique internationalisée, ainsi que de certains effets des politiques scientifiques de chacun de ces deux pays.

Methodological innovations have a special status in disciplinary histories, because they can be widely adopted and anonymised. In the 1950s, this occurred to Georges Laplace's innovative use of 3-dimensional metric Cartesian coordinate system to record the positions of archaeological objects. This paper proposes a conceptual and social history of this process, with a focus on its spatial context, the Pyrenean region (Spain, Basque Country, and France). Main results of this research based on archives, publications, and bibliometric data, include: 1) a critical discussion of the notions concerning authorship of such methodological innovations; 2) a presentation of the lesser-known aspects of Laplace's method, showing its contribution to the abstraction and formalisation of archaeological observations and data recording; and 3) the identification of an international Pyrenean intellectual lineage of innovation regarding stratigraphy and excavation methods, from the late 19th century to the early 21th century.