Suchergebnisse

At the beginning of the Fifties, Istat started in Italy the first experiments of the Labor Force sampling survey. At the same time Italian Parliament promoted and official enquire about unemployment, with regional studies among which distinguishes that dedicated to Emilia, composed by the Institute of Statistics of the University of Bologna under the direction of Paolo Fortunati. Fortunati criticized harshley the assumption at the basis of the survey sampling, "that each household is would equally possible" with respect to the situation of employment, unemployment and underemployment. In this work we aim to revisit Fortunati's contribution and to interpret at his light the recent evolution of labor market in Italy.

A successful fight against COVID-19 greatly depends on citizens' adherence to the restrictive measures, which may not suffice alone. Making use of a containment index, data on sanctions, and Google's movement trends across Italian regions, complemented by other sources, we investigate the extent to which compliance with the mobility limitations has affected the number of deaths over time in the period from the 24th of February 2020 to the 9th of November 2020, by using panel data for Italian regions, analysed through a negative binomial regression method. We also differentiated the study period, estimating two distinct models on two subsamples: until the 13th of September and since the 14th of September. In so doing, we show how the pandemic dynamics have changed between the first and the second wave of the emergency. Our results highlight that the importance of the restrictive measures and of citizens' accord on their abidance has greatly increased since the end of the summer, also because the stringency level of the adopted measures has critically declined. Informing citizens about the effects and purposes of the restrictive measures is of paramount importance, especially in the current phase of the pandemic.

The aim of this work is to analyze the development of Green Economy in the Emilia-Romagna Region. Sustainability and efficiency are seen as springs of development to be pushed overall in a period of global economic crisis. Starting from the distinction of Green Production and Green Products, the authors have investigated the evolution of the sector in the last years, in particular analyzing the number of enterprises and products with environmental certifications and their economic performance. A special focus have been made regarding the production of Renewable Energy Sources and the EU objectives. Furthermore it has been explored the Agri-food sector, underlining its relationship with the environment and the threats given by Climate Change, and on the other side the opportunities linked to agro-energies and organic productions. The authors have made some on field interviews to operators and firms of different sector in order to better understand their perspective regarding Green Economy markets. Additionally to underline some strategic guidelines to be followed by governments to better implement structural changes to raise efficiency and to further green the economical production.

Abstract
How do organized economic interests affect the governance of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic? We investigate whether the structural and instrumental power of employer organizations and unions impact upon the stringency of containment measures implemented by governing authorities to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic, focusing on Italy during the first Covid-19 wave of early 2020 as a crucial case. Using Hausman–Taylor panel regression models and original indicators of regional stringency and of unions and employers' organizations' efforts to exercise instrumental power via public pressure on social media, we find that the intensity of public pressure by employer organizations is negatively correlated with the stringency of the policy responses implemented by regional authorities to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic, whilst union pressures only show a limited effect. Our findings demonstrate that business pressure and the interplay of economic and class interests are constitutive of the governance of a crucial social and public health phenomenon such as the Covid-19 pandemic.