Suchergebnisse

THE MONETARY APPROACH TO THE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS SUGGESTS THAT SURPLUSES AND DEFICITS ARE ESSENTIALLY ADJUCTMENT PHENOMENA WHICH SERVE TO EQUILIBRATE THE MONEY STOCK IN EXISTENCE TO THE QUANTITY DEMANDED IN AN OPEN ECONOMY. THE PURPOSE OF THE PAPER IS TEST THE MONETARY APPROACH TO DEVALUATION FROM A SAMPLE OF 18 INDEPENDANT DEVALUATIONS THAT TOOK PLACE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DURING THE 1959-70 PERIOD.

Early in A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland (1775) Johnson describes crossing the Hardmuir, the putative site of Macbeth's first meeting with the weird sisters. For Johnson, this is Macbeth not as a text to be read or a play to be seen but as an environment, rich in resonances, to be inhabited and travelled. The longer first part of this essay argues that Johnson's marking of this landscape as "classic ground" is freighted with particular cultural values and judgments. On the one hand, through Shakespeare Johnson tethers himself to the familiar–to culture and use-value–at the very moment he feels civilization suddenly to recede from view. Macbeth marks for Johnson a boundary that is at once topographical, historical, and political. On the other hand, Johnson's interest in Macbeth is soldered to his enduring fascination with the supernatural, and the play thereby facilitates his openness both to affective forms of engagement and to the idea of mystery; it fosters his willingness to accommodate the non-rational, to turn from the protocols of proof to those of belief. The second part of this essay then considers Boswell's descriptions of Johnson's encounter with the topography of Macbeth Journal of a Tour of the Hebrides (1785), which privilege acts of speaking rather than feeling or imagining, and in repeatedly drawing attention to Johnson's recitation of Shakespearean verse Boswell both transforms Johnson into a Shakespearean performer and presses Macbeth into service in order to monumentalize Johnson as an archetypal Englishman.

This essay offers a survey of critical studies of caricature—as in the art of physiognomic exaggeration and distortion—in 18th‐century Britain. It reviews scholarship that has grappled with such questions as: what is caricature and how do we recognize it? Why caricature? How does caricature make itself felt within the hierarchies of 18th‐century British culture? When and why does it emerge in Britain as a dominant mode of visual satire? What, in this cultural matrix, is its politics, if it can be said to have a politics at all? And can we speak of caricature as a verbal practice as much as a graphic one? This essay begins with a consideration of early efforts to formulate a theory of caricature before turning to more recent contributions to the field that have sought to map the cultural politics of caricature's presence within 18th‐century graphic satire. In a final section, it then considers the work undertaken to trace practices of caricature on stage and in the novel.

In the continuing transformation of U.S. agriculture, North Carolina finds itself on the front edge of change. Between 1989 and 1998, the number of hogs in the state's pork industry quintupled---and so has the amount of hog waste that must be disposed of. Now the state has engaged private and public resources in a rapid search for better ways for handling hog waste. A technology review panel has approved the first round of proposals for a number of novel technologies to be developed through funds from a government-industry agreement. A second batch of proposals is expected to be approved by late summer.

ABSTRACTLancashire County Council was one of the first local authorities in the UK to audit the environment of its locality and to review the environmental impact of its operations. The paper outlines the reasons for this and how it has been put into effect. The management structure devised to carry forward and coordinate the initiative is outlined first, encompassing elements internal to the County Council and the establishment of a Lancashire Environment Forum. Secondly, the preparation of a county‐wide state‐of‐the‐environment audit is described, together with the implementation stages which have ensued. The paper is completed by an account of the County Council's internal review of the impact of its own activities.