Suchergebnisse

Using personnel records of 11,051 US Civil Service employees for 1974-1977, the relationship of institutional job training to salary is examined as a function of minority/sex group & time in the career. The results suggest that job training is especially important to employees early in their careers; that minorities & women receive less training than white Ms; & that the dollar returns to training vary by minority/sex group. The implications of these findings are discussed for administrative policies such as affirmative action. 3 Tables, 18 References. Modified HA

Developments in genetic technologies have made it possible to test for a variety of genetic disorders in children. The increased availability of genetic testing has put pressure on adoption agencies to provide genetic testing of pre-adoptive children. This paper examines the current policy on pre-adoptive genetic testing of children and proposed changes in the policy raised by key policy makers on medical genetics. These policy makers call for substantial restrictions on pre-adoptive genetic testing of all children available for adoption and ignore the potential positive outcomes that such testing could make in finding suitable adoptive families for hard-to-place children. It is recommended that pre-adoptive genetic testing be expanded to include children with special needs.

Mexican Americans have lower average salaries than Anglos in virtually all employment settings, even in the federal Civil Service. Based on federal personnel file data, analyses of salary inequality between Mexican Americans & Anglos are presented, examining the possible reasons for its existence. It is found that organizational as well as individual characteristics affect salary; however, the effects are different for Anglos as compared to Mexican Americans. 2 Tables, 18 References. HA.

The Multiethnic Placement Act (MEPA) and Interethnic Placement Act (IEPA) were passed in an attempt to eliminate race as a barrier to adoption. The purposes of the current research were to discover what child welfare social workers know about MEPA and IEPA, their views about the usefulness of the acts in addressing race issues in adoption, and how these two acts have affected their child placement practices. A randomized nationwide survey of social workers in child welfare had 261 respondents. Respondents seemed knowledgeable about the acts, but they remained uncertain about their intended purpose and lacked knowledge about research on transracial adoption (TRA). The majority of respondents indicated race is a continuing factor in adoptive placements.

ObjectivesWe report on a nation‐wide study conducted for federal land‐management agencies. Congress mandated a new annual pass for recreational access to U.S. public lands.MethodsTo assist policymakers in setting a price for the new pass, we administered a national telephone survey with more than 2,000 respondents. Using "contingent valuation" methods, we model willingness to pay for the pass at different prices. Our research design lets us estimate and adjust for hypothetical bias.ResultsWe show that survey respondents (especially those least familiar with the hypothetical good) tend to overstate their true willingness to pay.ConclusionsWe present the results and describe how our conclusions were used by policymakers to set the price of the new pass at $80. We also demonstrate the external validity of our findings by comparing the projected pass sales from our model to subsequent actual sales.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the relationships between traumatic brain injury (TBI), blood biomarkers, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and postconcussive syndrome symptoms (PCS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort study using multivariate analyses. PARTICIPANTS: One-hundred-and-nine military personnel and Veterans, both with and without a history of TBI. MAIN MEASURES: PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL); Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI); Ohio State University TBI Identification Method; Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); Simoa™-measured concentrations of tau, Amyloid-beta (Aβ40, −42, and NFL. RESULTS: Controlling for age, sex, time since last injury (TSLI) and anti-anxiety/depression medication use, NFL was trending towards being significantly elevated in participants who had sustained 3 or more TBIs compared to those who had sustained 1–2. Within the TBI group, partial correlations which controlled for age, sex, TSLI and anti-anxiety/depression medication use, showed that tau concentrations were significantly correlated with greater symptom severity, as measured with the NSI, PCL and PHQ-9. CONCLUSIONS: Elevations in tau are associated with symptom severity after TBI, while NFL levels are elevated in those with a history of repetitive TBI, in military personnel and Veterans. This study shows the utility of measuring biomarkers chronically post-injury. Furthermore, there is a critical need for studies of biomarkers longitudinally following TBI.