Suchergebnisse

Data on abortion, 1972-1976, were obtained from the National Opinion Research Center's General Social Survey. Independent variables measured include sex, education, occupational prestige, religion, church attendance, & age. The dependent variable involved each respondents attitudes toward abortion in 6 situations: (1) possibility of birth defects, (2) additional children not wanted, (3) mother's health endangered, (4) financial problems, (5) rape, & (6) a single woman with no intention of marrying. Over 6,000 white respondents were drawn from a sample of the noninstitutionalized population of the United States over 18 years old. While an overall tendency of more liberal attitudes is noted, important differences over time are apparent by gender, education, occupational prestige & religiosity. In addition to males being more approving of abortion than females, males tend to be one year ahead of females in changes in approval of abortion. Those with increased education tended to consistently approve of abortion over time more than those in lower education groups. Not only did lower prestige groups tend to be least approving of abortion, but they also exhibited the most attitudinal fluctuations. Protestants were more approving of abortion than Catholics for all six situations. There was an inverse relation between degree of church attendance & approval of abortion. Age was found to have no relation at all. 1 Table, 1 Figure. Modified HA.

It is well known that enlistees and veterans in the United States are more likely to use alcohol than civilians. However, most of this research is potentially biased in that it often does not employ control variables (other than age) and is based on cross-sectional data. Much of this research also fails to consider the relationship between military service and alcohol use among women. Using longitudinal data taken from the 1997 National Longitudinal Study of Youth, we investigate the relationship between military service and alcohol consumption employing a fixed-effects approach. We find that military service appears to encourage young men to consume alcohol. It is also the case that the effect of military service is not limited to the time that men spend in the military given that male veterans are also more likely to consume alcohol than are comparable nonveterans. We find, however, that women who serve, both enlistees and veterans, are less likely to drink than their civilian counterparts.