Suchergebnisse

En el marco de una crisis histórica en Venezuela, se está produciendo una significativa reorganización geoeconómica del territorio alrededor del extractivismo: se trata de una expansión hacia las nuevas "fronteras de las commodities" en la cual se pretende incorporar a la megaminería entres sus más importantes actividades económicas. El artículo presenta rasgos y características de la actual expansión de frontera, desde la perspectiva de la ecología política y la economía ecológica, analizando también los factores históricos y coyunturales más determinantes de este proceso, así como las formas que toma la nueva cartografía del extractivismo en el país. Algunas modalidades discursivas, de apropiación de la naturaleza y de territorialización, derivadas de esta política sobre el "tejido de la vida" serán también examinadas. A su vez, se resaltan algunas potenciales consecuencias e implicaciones de estos procesos, haciendo énfasis en los daños socioambientales, el déficit ecológico nacional, y los diferentes conflictos y disputas producidas por ellos. ; Within the framework of a historic crisis in Venezuela, a significant geoeconomic reorganization of the territory is taking place around mining. This is an expansion towards the new "frontiers of commodities" in which mega-mining is to be incorporated as one of the most important economic activities. The article shows features and characteristics of the current border expansion from the perspective of the political ecology and ecological economy, analyzing also the historic and specific factors as well as the forms assumed by the new cartography of mining in the country. Some discourse modalities of nature appropriation and territorialization derived from this policy on the "life fabric" (as opposed to 'social fabric') shall also be examined. In turn, some potential consequences and implications of these processes are highlighted, with an emphasis on the social-environmental damages, the national ecologic deficit and the different conflicts and disputes arising from them.

A l'article es menciona que l'autor és estudiant del màster en Estudis Interdisciplinaris en Sostenibilitat Ambiental, Econòmica i Social de l'Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA) de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona ; En el marco de una crisis histórica en Venezuela, se está produciendo una significativa reorganización geoeconómica del territorio alrededor del extractivismo: se trata de una expansión hacia las nuevas "fronteras de las commodities" en la cual se pretende incorporar a la megaminería entres sus más importantes actividades económicas. El artículo presenta rasgos y características de la actual expansión de frontera, desde la perspectiva de la ecología política y la economía ecológica, analizando también los factores históricos y coyunturales más determinantes de este proceso, así como las formas que toma la nueva cartografía del extractivismo en el país. Algunas modalidades discursivas, de apropiación de la naturaleza y de territorialización, derivadas de esta política sobre el "tejido de la vida" serán también examinadas. A su vez, se resaltan algunas potenciales consecuencias e implicaciones de estos procesos, haciendo énfasis en los daños socioambientales, el déficit ecológico nacional, y los diferentes conflictos y disputas producidas por ellos. ; Within the framework of a historic crisis in Venezuela, a significant geoeconomic reorganization of the territory is taking place around mining. This is an expansion towards the new "frontiers of commodities" in which mega-mining is to be incorporated as one of the most important economic activities. The article shows features and characteristics of the current border expansion from the perspective of the political ecology and ecological economy, analyzing also the historic and specific factors as well as the forms assumed by the new cartography of mining in the country. Some discourse modalities of nature appropriation and territorialization derived from this policy on the "life fabric" (as opposed to 'social fabric') shall also be examined. In turn, some potential consequences and implications of these processes are highlighted, with an emphasis on the social-environmental damages, the national ecologic deficit and the different conflicts and disputes arising from them.

El siguiente trabajo intenta mostrar los rasgos de la política extractiva en la Revolución Bolivariana, haciendo evidente cómo, a partir de 2004, se va reconfigurando un extractivismo repotenciado sobre la idea de llevar a Venezuela a ser una "potencia energética mundial" a partir de la explotación de la Faja Petrolífera del Orinoco. Al mismo tiempo, se muestran las dinámicas de disputa política que giran en torno a los llamados "recursos naturales", los territorios del país y sus pobladores, tratando de evidenciar tanto las lógicas disciplinarias del Estado, como las diversas resistencias sociales al avance extractivista.AbstractThis paper aims to show the features of extractive policy in the Bolivarian Revolution, making clear how, from 2004, a repowered extractivism is being reconfi-gured, based on the idea of taking Venezuela to be a "World Energy Power" providing the exploitation of the Orinoco Oil Belt. At the same time, the paper presents the dynamics of political dispute taking place around the so-called "natural resources", the territories of the country and their inhabitants, in order to show both the disciplinary logic of the state, and the different social resistances against the advance of extractivism.

El siguiente trabajo intenta mostrar los rasgos de la política extractiva en la Revolución Bolivariana, haciendo evidente cómo, a partir de 2004, se va reconfigurando un extractivismo repotenciado sobre la idea de llevar a Venezuela a ser una "potencia energética mundial" a partir de la explotación de la Faja Petrolífera del Orinoco. Al mismo tiempo, se muestran las dinámicas de disputa política que giran en torno a los llamados "recursos naturales", los territorios del país y sus pobladores, tratando de evidenciar tanto las lógicas disciplinarias del Estado, como las diversas resistencias sociales al avance extractivista.AbstractThis paper aims to show the features of extractive policy in the Bolivarian Revolution, making clear how, from 2004, a repowered extractivism is being reconfi-gured, based on the idea of taking Venezuela to be a "World Energy Power" providing the exploitation of the Orinoco Oil Belt. At the same time, the paper presents the dynamics of political dispute taking place around the so-called "natural resources", the territories of the country and their inhabitants, in order to show both the disciplinary logic of the state, and the different social resistances against the advance of extractivism.

The planetary boundaries concept has profoundly changed the vocabulary and representation of global environmental issues. We bring a critical social science perspective to this framework through the notion of societal boundaries and aim to provide a more nuanced understanding of the social nature of thresholds. We start by highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of planetary boundaries from a social science perspective. We then focus on capitalist societies as a heuristic for discussing the expansionary dynamics, power relations, and lock-ins of modern societies that impel highly unsustainable societal relations with nature. While formulating societal boundaries implies a controversial process ‒ based on normative judgments, ethical concerns, and socio-political struggles ‒ it has the potential to offer guidelines for a just, social-ecological transformation. Collective autonomy and the politics of self-limitation are key elements of societal boundaries and are linked to important proposals and pluriverse experiences to integrate well-being and boundaries. The role of the state and propositions for radical alternative approaches to well-being have particular importance. We conclude with reflections on social freedom, defined as the right not to live at others' expense. Toward the aim of defining boundaries through transdisciplinary and democratic processes, we seek to open a dialogue on these issues.

The planetary boundaries concept has profoundly changed the vocabulary and representation of global environmental issues. We bring a critical social science perspective to this framework through the notion of societal boundaries and aim to provide a more nuanced understanding of the social nature of thresholds. We start by highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of planetary boundaries from a social science perspective. We then focus on capitalist societies as a heuristic for discussing the expansionary dynamics, power relations, and lock-ins of modern societies that impel highly unsustainable societal relations with nature. While formulating societal boundaries implies a controversial process ‒ based on normative judgments, ethical concerns, and socio-political struggles ‒ it has the potential to offer guidelines for a just, social-ecological transformation. Collective autonomy and the politics of self-limitation are key elements of societal boundaries and are linked to important proposals and pluriverse experiences to integrate well-being and boundaries. The role of the state and propositions for radical alternative approaches to well-being have particular importance. We conclude with reflections on social freedom, defined as the right not to live at others' expense. Toward the aim of defining boundaries through transdisciplinary and democratic processes, we seek to open a dialogue on these issues.