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Over the past 30 years, many universities in Canada and the United States have introduced tuition-waiver policies for older adults. This article reviews the literature describing the development and outcomes of these programs. Although several national surveys of tuition-waiver programs have been reported in the United States, none have previously been reported for Canadian universities. This article reports the results of the first such survey. Despite the widespread availability of tuition- waiver programs in Canada and the United States, it is clear that such programs have failed to attract significant numbers of older learners. The paper examines the causes and the implications of this failure. ; Au cours des 30 dernières années, plusieurs universités canadiennes et américaines ont adopté de nouvelles politiques dispensant les frais de scolarité pour les aînés. Cet article fait le survol de la littérature décrivant le développement ainsi que les résultats de tels politiques et programmes. Bien qu'on signale plusieurs enquêtes nationales aux États- Unis concernant les programmes dispensant les frais de scolarité, on ne peut rapporter une enquête similaire visant les universités canadiennes. Malgré l'accessibilité générale aux programmes canadiens et américains dispensant les frais de scolarité, il est clair que de tels programmes n'ont pas attiré un nombre important d'apprenants âgés. Ce document examine les causes et les conséquences possibles d'un tel échec.

There is growing interest world wide in nuclear-free zones. Originally published in 1987, this book explores the question of what constitutes a nuclear-free zone and charts the progress of the movement to establish them. The book shows how definitions of nuclear-free zones vary from those intended to exclude everything nuclear (including nuclear power installations and the dumping of nuclear waste) to those aiming to exclude nuclear weapons in a limited way. Special attention is paid to the three treaties which have established major international nuclear-free zones, (Latin America, South Pacific, Antarctica) examining their strengths and weaknesses as well as areas where the idea has been proposed (Balkans, Africa). The book concludes with a review of problems and prospects for the future.

Canadian universities employ a variety of methods to increase access, especially for adult students unable to attend regular day classes because of employment or family commitments. How effective are such methods? Is the large increase in part-time enrolment during the past twenty-five years due to such policies and practices? This study examines the evening credit programs of seven middle-size to large universities. Such programs can be viewed as one specific method by which institutions attempt to implement the general organizational value of "openness. " In particular, an effort is made to trace the effect on access of two different approaches to the internal organization and administration of evening sessions at the institutions studied. Policies and practices which facilitate part-time study are also discussed. The paper is exploratory and does not attempt to offer definitive conclusions. Nonetheless, suggestions are offered for further research and for institutional practices which promote part-time study. The issue of accessibility for part-time students is expected to become of increasing concern in the light of predictions that the traditional student body — those 18-22 years old who predominantly register for full-time study in daytime courses — will decline in the 1990s. Additionally, universities will be required to accommodate large numbers of adult learners returning for further studies and training as a lifelong learn- ing or recurrent education model is developed by society. The importance of such a model continues to receive attention at both federal and provincial levels in Canada. ; Les établissments universitaires canadiens utilisent divers moyens pour pro-mouvoir l'accessibilité aux études, particulièrement auprès des clientèles adultes qui à cause d'obligations professionnelles ou familiales ne peuvent bénéficier de la programmation académique de jour. Ces méthodes sont-elles efficaces? Et l'augmentation massive des clientèles à temps partiel résulte-t'elle des efforts délibérés de promotion mis en place par les établissements? Cette étude examine les programmes crédités offerts en soirée par sept (7) établissements de moyenne et de grande taille. On suggère comme hypothèse que ces programmes représent pour les établissements un moyen de promouvoir la valeur organisationelle "d'ouverture " aux clientèles non traditionnelles. En particulier, on tente d'évaluer les effets sur l'accessibilité de deux modèles d'organisation interne et d'administration des programmes du soir observés dans ces institutions. Les politiques générales et les pratiques de promotion des études à temps partiel sont également abordées. Cette analyse se veut avant tout exploratoire et ne tente pas d'apporter des réponses définitives aux questions posées. Par ailleurs, elle permet de suggérer certaines voies de recherche privilégées et certaines pratiques institutionelles visant à promouvoir les études à temps partiel.