Suchergebnisse

The United States and its TPP partners negotiated footnote 14 in the
context of a larger effort to clarify the scope of key substantive
obligations in the Agreement's investment chapter, with a view to better
insulating legitimate public welfare measures from challenge before
Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) tribunals constituted pursuant to
its terms. While some TPP partners originally advocated for the inclusion of
a "General Exceptions" article in the investment chapter along the lines of
GATT Article XX, the TPP parties ultimately concluded that ISDS tribunals
typically have accorded more deference to states when interpreting
non-discrimination obligations in investment agreements than has the WTO
Appellate Body when interpreting the GATT. For that reason, the TPP parties
negotiated a footnote directing tribunals to consider the rationale behind a
challenged measure when evaluating whether it breaches a non-discrimination
obligation, thus signaling that distinctions in treatment to achieve
legitimate public welfare objectives may be permissible under the chapter in
certain circumstances.

The research aim was to discover the circumstances, if any, in which contact with the parent who had abused them, could help survivors of intrafamilial child sexual abuse (ICSA) to recover from the inherent relational trauma. Thirty-five (31 female and 4 male) participants were recruited from across Australia and New Zealand to speak about their experience of post-abuse contact. The research methodology was primarily qualitative, and analysed in a contextual framework. In the Pre-Contact stage, themes such as the need for empowerment versus the fear of the response, linked to motivations for and against contact. Emotional reactions, and issues of acknowledgment and apology were core themes in the Contact stage. Post-contact themes related to evaluation of the overall experience. The majority of participants believed that their contact experience had helped more than hindered their recovery. Participants articulated the need for more public education about the complexity of ICSA, more options for dealing with the crime, and access to non-judgmental professional help for all the family at disclosure. The emergent themes provide a valuable guide for future research, policy and practice and perhaps most importantly, insight into the needs of victims and their recovery processes.

Thank you all for joining us today. My name is David Bigge, and I am the co-chair of the International Courts and Tribunals Interest Group, which organized this particular panel. I would like to, up front, thank the sponsor for this panel, Curtis Mallet.

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of 3 lifestyle intervention programs in an active duty military population. Design: Experimental design with stratified random assignment to 1 of 3 intervention groups. Measures were taken at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Setting: A Military Treatment Facility in the western U.S. Subjects/Intervention: 122 active duty service members were enrolled and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 lifestyle intervention programs: the Diabetes Prevention Program-Group Lifestyle Balance (DPP-GLB), the Better Body Better Life (BBBL) program or the Fitness Improvement Program (FIP). Measures: weight, abdominal circumference, lipid and HbA1c levels, physical activity, and well-being as measured by the RAND SF-36 questionnaire. Analysis: Statistical analyses were performed to assess changes over time. Results: 83 participants completed the study (BBBL N = 23, FIP N = 30, DPP-GLB N = 30). The DPP-GLB participants had statistically significant decreases in weight (-3.1 pounds, p = .01) and abdominal circumference (-0.9 inches; p = .01) over time. HbA1c was also significantly lower in this group at 6 months compared to baseline ( p = .036). There were no statistically significant changes in weight, abdominal circumference, or HbA1c in the FIP or BBBL groups. No significant changes were observed in lipids in any of the groups. Conclusion: Results from this study indicate that the DPP-GLB program may be effective in reducing weight, abdominal circumference, and HbA1c in an active duty U.S. military population.