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Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. The Theory of the Transformation of the Developmental State -- Chapter 3. The Transformation of the Developmental State in South Korea -- Chapter 4. The Non-Transformation of the Developmental State in Singapore -- Chapter 5. The Two-Phase Transformation of the Developmental State in Taiwan -- Chapter 6. Conclusion.

This article examines the evolution of the authoritarian developmental state model in the digital era amid intensified global power dynamics, focusing empirically on China. It introduces the concept of the techno-developmental state to illustrate how this evolved state emphasizes digital technologies for both economic growth and social governance. I assert that this evolution is driven by the state's enhanced capacity to foster high-tech industries amid heightened competition among major powers, alongside bolstered social governance through advanced digital tools. Emphasizing its crucial role in sustaining authoritarian developmentalism, the article analyzes the emergence of the Chinese techno-developmental state amid escalating US–China technological rivalry. It also scrutinizes the New Infrastructure initiative of the early 2020s as the state's key initiative to drive its economic and governance agendas.

许多研究已经分析了台湾发展型国家的转变。本文认为, 台湾的族群认同政治对台湾发展型国家的转型过程产生了挥之不去的影响。特别是, 那些最近的转变可以追溯到台湾在三个阶段期间的民族认同政治。首先, 由国民党 (KMT) 大陆身份塑造的国家发展战略影响了50年代至70年代形成的台湾战后的产业结构, 进而影响了工商业参与者的政策约束能力。其次, 70年代出现的台湾民族意识促进了台湾在1986年的民主过渡, 从而转变了政府经济政策制定的政治基础。第三, 从2000年初开始, 民族过渡之后产生的两个相互竞争的民族身份 (即中国人和台湾人) 引发的政党政治进一步改变了政治环境, 并对国家的经济决策制定产生影响。

Many studies have noted the reduction in the effectiveness of the East Asian developmental state in formulating growth-promoting policy in South Korea and Taiwan. Current literature attributes the transformation of the developmental state model to the rise of business elites and organised labour. This article argues that another type of social actor – the middle class – also contributed to the state's reduced capability in directing economic development. Unlike business elites and organised labour who directly challenge the state's policy decision, the middle class forces East Asian ruling elites to democratise the political system of a country. The democratic transition pushed by the middle class consequently facilitates the emergence of policy constraints on the state's economic decision-making process. I elaborate this argument in the two divergent cases: the transformation of the developmental state in South Korea and the non-transformation of the developmental state in Singapore.

AbstractThe institutional changes to the developmental states in South Korea and Taiwan have been well-documented. This paper offers a theory to recount the states' actual transformation processes in these two cases. Advancing existing insight that the state's transformation process is shaped by the emergence of either concentrated or dispersed economic interests, I argue that a crucial process behind the transformation of the developmental state is a democratic transition of a country motivated by ruling elites' strategic choices. Specifically, a democratic transition in a developmental state is shaped by two consecutive elite decisions: (1) the decision to initiate democratic transition in response to the democratic mobilisation of the middle class; (2) the decision to introduce democratic elections in response to an electoral threat from opposition elites. This process of democratic transition facilitates the emergence of state policy constraints by transforming the political foundation of the state.

"The book continues to use quantitative and empirical research methods to summarize and analyze the achievements of government openness in China in 2020. It points out that in 2020, the exploration of standardization and standardization of government affairs openness is accelerating, decision-making openness is making steady progress, and government affairs services, administrative law enforcement, and management results are all making significant progress. However, in the future, it is still necessary to further enhance the awareness of openness, identify the needs of the public, integrate openness into the whole process of government affairs activities, and improve the level of information security. Besides, the book for the first time first carries out a third-party assessment of the government affairs publicity in the national free trade zones and free trade zones, and releases research reports on the publicity of administrative punishment information, government news release, work and production resumption information, and health science popularization information." --

Justice: From Mystery to Openness -- Development of Contemporary China's Judicial Openness System -- The Rationale Behind Judicial Transparency -- Methodologies for Researching Judicial Transparency -- The Overall Situation of China's Judicial Transparency -- Status Quo of Judicial Transparency in Various Fields -- Promoting More Transparent Justice.

Preface -- Introduction: Openness—A Brand New Perspective of Governance -- An Overview of Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China -- Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China in 2009 -- Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China in 2010 -- Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China in 2011 -- Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China in 2012 -- Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China in 2013 -- Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China in 2014 -- Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China in 2015 -- Assessment of Indices of Government Transparency in China in 2016 -- Conclusion.

This book is the result of an objective analysis based on quantitative research of the situation of openness of government affairs in China in 2019. It consists of five parts: General Re-port, Systematic Advancement of Openness of Government Affairs, Systems Relating to Openness of Government Affairs, Openness of Government Affairs in Specific Fields and Giving Full Play to the Role of Openness of Government Affairs. This book contains a large amount of the latest and most authoritative data collected by the author's team with high credibility. The rule of law index research framework used in this book was initiated by the author's team and has been continuously updated and improved. Through the evaluation of government transparency, it demonstrates the improvement of China's open government system and the steady progress of open decision-making, as well as the significant progress of open government services. It also provides scientific and objective feasibility advice and suggestions for enhancing the awareness of openness, accurately identifying public information needs, integrating openness into the whole process of government activities, and improving the level of information security.

Chapter 1. Openness of Government Affairs in China: Development in 2017 and Prospect in 2018 -- Chapter 2. Present Situation and Prospect of Pre-disclosure of Policy Decision (2017) -- Chapter 3. Present Situation, Problems and Reply for the Standardization of Openness of Government Affairs (2017) -- Chapter 4. Research Report on Government Responses to Social Concerns (2017) -- Chapter 5. Assessment Report on Information Disclosure of Social Assistantce -- Chapter 6. Assessment Report on Openness of Government Affairs in Anhui -- Chapter 7. Experience and Future of Environmental Information Disclosure -- Chapter 8. Practice and Prospect of Transport Information Disclosure -- Chapter 9. Practice and Effects of Transparency of Education -- Chapter 10. Investigation Report on Comprehensive Openness of Government -- Affairs in Beijing -- Chapter 11. Progress of Openness of Government Affairs in Shanghai -- Chapter 12. Investigation Report on Openness of Government Affairs in Guizhou -- Chapter 13. Practice of Improving the Ability of Social Governance with Openness of Government Affairs in Sichuan -- Chapter 14. Practice and Exploration of Improving the Actual Effect of Openness of Government Affairs in Anhui -- Chapter 15. Practice and Prospect of Response to Public Sentiments about Government in Shaanxi -- Chapter 16. Practice and Effects of Openness of Government Affairs in Fuzhou.

Openness of Government Affairs in China: Development in 2018 and Prospect in 2019, Innovation Project Team on Rule of Law indices, CASS Law institute -- Advancing the Openness of Grassroots Government Affairs: Practices and Explorations in Shandong Province, Office of Openness of Government Affairs of the General Office of People's Government of Shandong Province -- Explorations and Progresses Made by Guangdong Province in Comprehensively Advancing the Work of Openness of Government Affairs, Office of Disclosure of Government Information and Openness of Government Affairs, People's Government of Guangdong Province -- Pilot Work on the Standardization of the Openness of Grassroots Government Affairs in Sichuan Province: Practices and Reflections, Office of Disclosure of Information of People's Government of Sichuan Province -- Comprehensive Advancement of Openness of Government Affairs in Guizhou Province: Explorations and Practices, Project Team on the Openness of Government Affairs in Guizhou Province -- Investigation Report on Cases Administrative Litigation Involving the Disclosure of Government Information in Ningbo City, Intermediate People's Court of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province -- The Shenzhen Practice of Openness of Government Affairs, Office of Disclosure of Government Information, People's Government of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province -- The Yinchuan Practice of Openness of Government Affairs, Office of Openness of Government Affairs of People's Government of Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region -- Policy Interpretation Mechanism in the Optimization of Business Environment in Shanghai Municipality, Development and Reform Commission of Shanghai Municipality -- Analysis of the Case of Third-party Assessment of "Policy Interpretation" of Huangpu District, Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai Urban Perspective Data Hub & Office of the People's Government of Huangpu District, Shanghai Municipality -- Striving to Create a "Transparent Yuexiu District" and Providing First-class Government Services, Government Services Management Office of People's Government of Yuexiu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province -- Investigation Report on the Work of Comprehensive Service and Regulation Platform of Openness of Grassroots Government Affairs in Chengdu City, Office of Government Service Management and Network Governance, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province -- Third-party Assessment Report on Disclosure of Information by Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province, Third-party Assessment Center of Beijing Ance Zhixing Consulting Co., Ltd & Policy Research Office of Anhui Ance Think Tank Consulting Co., Ltd -- Exploration in and Practice of Openness of Government Affairs Relating to Compulsory Education and School Affairs in Jiangbei District of Ningbo City, Education Bureau of Jiangbei District of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province -- The Jinshan Experience of Advancing the Openness of Government Affairs and Creating a Transparent Government, Office of People's Government of Jinshan District, Shanghai Municipality -- Explorations in and Practice of Standardization of Openness of Government Affairs in Fangzi District of Weifang City, Office of People's Government of Fangzi District Weifang City, Shandong Province -- Standardizing the Work of Openness of Grassroots Government Affairs in Luohu District of Shenzhen City: Explorations and Achievements, Center for Openness of Government Affairs of Luohu District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province -- Explorations and Innovations in the Work of Openness of Government Affairs in Chancheng District, Foshan City, Office of People's Government of Chancheng District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province -- Practices and Explorations of Realizing Intelligent Governance by Innovating the Method of Openness of Government Affairs in Xinjin County, Office of Government Service Management and Network Governance of Xinjin County, Sichuan Province -- Joint Practices and Explorations by City Government and District Government in Advancing the Openness of Government Affairs in West District of Panzhihua City, People's Government of West District of Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province -- Investigation Report on Opening up the "Last Kilometer" in the Road of Openness of Government Affairs of Bozhou District, Zunyi City, Office of the CPC Committee of Bozhou District, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province.

Chapter 1. Introduction: From Rule of Law to Comprehensive Rule of Law -- Chapter 2. Strict Law Enforcement: Building a Government Ruled by Law -- Chapter 3. Judicial Reform: Maintaining Fairness and Justice -- Chapter 4. Rule of Law in Civil and Commercial Areas: Building the Foundation of Rights Guarantee -- Chapter 5. Social Rule of Law: Solving the Difficulties of People's Livelihood -- Chapter 6. Human Rights and the Rule of Law: For Human Dignity -- Chapter 7. Incorrupt Governance and Legal System: Crackdowns on Corrupt Officials.

Abstract
Since coming to power in 2016, the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) has pledged to safeguard Taiwan's sovereignty amidst Beijing's aggressive imposition of the one-China principle. This article assesses the impact of the DPP's recognition for survival strategy which involves using free trade agreements (FTAs) to boost Taiwan's legal standing and recognition in the international community. The strategy entails a two-pronged plan: retaining Taiwan's status as a vital regional economic player to ultimately advance its de jure sovereignty via regional FTAs. Drawing on Taiwan's past FTA experiences, we analyze the possible outcomes of the government's application to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and the likely consequences of these outcomes on the country's sovereign claims and status. We argue that while the DPP's strategy plays a crucial role in renegotiating Taiwan's political self as an unrecognized state, failure to mitigate the negative externalities of the one-China principle while negotiating and implementing the CPTPP will further undermine the country's facto sovereignty.