Amicable Divorce: Practice And Law On Women's Divorce Agreements
In: The Australian feminist law journal, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 179-183
ISSN: 2204-0064
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In: The Australian feminist law journal, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 179-183
ISSN: 2204-0064
In: Environment and planning. B, Urban analytics and city science, Band 48, Heft 6, S. 1591-1608
ISSN: 2399-8091
Analysis of changing patterns of ethnic residential segregation is usually framed by the coarse categorisations of ethnicity used in censuses and other large-scale public sector surveys and by the infrequent time intervals at which such surveys are conducted. In this paper, we use names-based classification of Consumer Registers to investigate changing degrees of segregation in England and Wales over the period 1997–2016 at annual resolution. We find that names-based ethnic classification of the individuals that make up Consumer Registers provides reliable estimates of the residential patterning of different ethnic groups and the degree to which they are segregated. Building upon this finding, we explore more detailed segregation patterns and trends of finer groups at annual resolutions and discover some unexpected trends that have hitherto remained unrecorded by Census-based studies. We conclude that appropriately processed Consumer Registers hold considerable potential to contribute to various domains of urban geography and policy.
In: Social behavior and personality: an international journal, Band 46, Heft 9, S. 1475-1487
ISSN: 1179-6391
We performed a meta-analysis of 79 studies to explore the relationship between positive and negative indicators of parenting style and Internet addiction among 44,650 mainland Chinese teenagers. Results showed that positive indicators of parenting style had a significant negative correlation
with teenagers' Internet addiction and that the correlation was moderated by region and school level. Negative indicators of parenting style were significantly and positively correlated with teenagers' Internet addiction and the correlation was also moderated by region and school level. Theoretical
and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
In: The international journal of social psychiatry, Band 64, Heft 3, S. 266-275
ISSN: 1741-2854
Background: Previous study has indicated that perceived discrimination affected the children's behaviors, but whether belief in a just world moderates the relationship between perceived discrimination and problem behaviors among left-behind children and whether there are differences between boys and girls are still unknown. Aims: This study aims at exploring whether perceived discrimination influences the left-behind children's behaviors and the moderating role of belief in a just world among both boys and girls. Methods: Using cross-sectional data on rural left-behind children in Henan Province of China, this study examined the relationships among perceived discrimination (personal and group), belief in a just world and problem behaviors for both boys and girls. The participants included 336 boys and 310 girls. Self-report questionnaires captured perceived discrimination, belief in a just world and problem behaviors. Results: The results demonstrated that Chinese left-behind boys who perceived a high amount of personal discrimination were prone to exhibit problem behaviors. Yet, neither perceived personal nor group discrimination was associated with problem behaviors among the left-behind girls. Moreover, the children's belief in a just world moderated the association between perceived discrimination and problem behaviors among the boys; in those who reported higher levels of belief in a just world, the negative effect of perceived personal discrimination on problem behaviors appeared weaker, comparing to those who reported lower levels of belief in a just world. In addition, the negative effect of perceived group discrimination on problem behaviors appeared stronger among the left-behind boys who reported higher levels of belief in a just world. Conclusion: Belief in a just world provided a protect function for the left-behind children when facing perceived personal discrimination. More attention should be paid on belief in a just world, perceived discrimination and problem behaviors among left-behind children.
In: International journal of population data science: (IJPDS), Band 7, Heft 3
ISSN: 2399-4908
ObjectivesThis research links, for the first time, individual level entire GB population census data for 1851-1911 to present day individual level population registers. Precise georeferencing of individual records using AddressBase Premium and further linkage to Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMDs) enables family group analysis of inter-generational social mobility outcomes.
ApproachPresent-day individual names and addresses taken from Electoral Registers and consumer data are georeferenced and linked to IMD data using AddressBase. This enables calculation of average IMD scores for every family group (surname). Individual level names and addresses from 1851-1911 censuses are assigned to harmonised historical parishes. The present day surname IMD scores are attributed to every resident in the historical censuses. Parish average 'future IMD' scores are calculated to show which areas have bequeathed the highest and lowest IMD scores on their residents' descendants. This is a measure of how 'north – south divides' shape inter-generational social mobility.
ResultsA linked data website, apps.cdrc.ac.uk/gbnames, profiles social mobility outcomes for 13,000+ family names, according to average neighbourhood quality experienced by family name bearers. There are clear and enduring regional divides in "future deprivation" inherited from ancestors by the present-day GB population. The research traces the origins of a north-south divide in England. Family roots in northern industrial cities are associated with unfavourable outcomes today. In Scotland, an east-west divide identifies eastern areas sharing similarly high levels of hardship to nineteenth-century industrial cities such as Liverpool and Manchester. Migration partially mitigates these inequalities, but most family groups remain concentrated in their ancestral heartlands, and continue to experience the long-term disadvantages bestowed by geographical location.
ConclusionSurnames provide an under-exploited way of linking precisely georeferenced geographies of entire historical populations to their descendants today. Additional linkage to areal deprivation measures makes it possible to evaluate how social and spatial inequalities both endure and are promulgated through the generations. Geography is destiny for much of the population.
In: Urban studies, Band 59, Heft 10, S. 2110-2128
ISSN: 1360-063X
Cities have specialised in particular urban functions throughout history, with consequential implications for urban and regional patterns of economic and social change. This specialisation takes place within overall national city size distributions and is manifest in different but often similarly variegated residential structures. Here we develop a novel and consistent methodological approach for measuring macro-scale city size and micro-scale residential differentiation using individual digital census records for the period 1881–1901. The use of family names and neighbourhood classification of dominant economic and social roles makes it possible to relate the changing city size distribution in Great Britain to patterns of urban growth and residential differentiation within urban areas. Together, we provide an integrated and consistent methodology that links the classification of all major urban area growth in Great Britain to attendant intra-urban geodemographic changes in urban residential structures. We suggest ways in which this manifests social and economic change across the settlement system for both new and long-established residents.
In: EAI endorsed transactions on security and safety, Band 6, Heft 20, S. 162291
ISSN: 2032-9393
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 205, S. 111187
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 26, Heft 32, S. 33555-33567
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: CEJ-D-22-01789
SSRN
In: Natural hazards and earth system sciences: NHESS, Band 24, Heft 10, S. 3479-3495
ISSN: 1684-9981
Abstract. Developing an effective and reliable integrated drought index is crucial for tracking and identifying droughts. The study employs game theory to create a spatially variable weight drought index (game-theory-based drought index, GTDI) by combining two single-type indices: an agricultural drought index (standardized soil moisture index, SSMI), which implies drought hazard-bearing conditions, and a meteorological drought index (standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, SPEI), which implies drought hazard-causing conditions. In addition, the entropy-theory-based drought index (ETDI) is introduced to incorporate a spatial comparison with GTDI to illustrate the rationality of gaming weight integration, as both entropy theory and game theory belong to linear combination methods in the development of the integrated drought index and entropy theory has been applied in related research. Leaf area index (LAI) data are employed to confirm the reliability of GTDI in identifying drought by comparing it with SPEI, SSMI, and ETDI. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted on the temporal trajectories and spatial evolution of the GTDI-identified drought to discuss GTDI's level of advancement in monitoring changes in hazard-causing and hazard-bearing impacts. The results show that GTDI has a very high correlation with single-type drought indices (SPEI and SSMI), and its gaming weight integration is more logical and trustworthy than that of ETDI. As a result, it outperforms ETDI, SPEI, and SSMI in recognizing drought spatiotemporally and is projected to replace single-type drought indices to provide a more accurate picture of actual drought. Additionally, GTDI exhibits the gaming feature, indicating a distinct benefit in monitoring changes in hazard-causing and hazard-bearing impacts. The case studies show that drought events in the Wei River basin are dominated by a lack of precipitation. The hazard-causing index, SPEI, dominates the early stages of a drought event, whereas the hazard-bearing index, SSMI, dominates the later stages. This study surely serves as a helpful reference for the development of integrated drought indices as well as regional drought prevention and monitoring.
Tian Lan,1,2,* Yan-Hui Liao,3,* Jian Zhang,2 Zhi-Ping Yang,4 Gao-Si Xu,5 Liang Zhu,1 Dai-Ming Fan4 1Department of Health Care Management and Medical Education, The School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Health Care Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China; 5Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Liang Zhu; Dai-Ming Fan Email liangjulia0317@163.com; li20201226@163.comObjective: The current work aimed to examine the rates of and risk factors for mortality and readmission after heart failure (HF).Setting: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE to identify eligible reports. The random-effects model was utilized to evaluate the pooled results.Participants: A total of 27 studies with 515,238 participants were finally meta-analysed. The HF patients had an average age of 76.3 years, with 51% of the sample being male, in the pooled analysis.Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures: The outcome measures were 30-day and 1-year readmission rates, mortality, and risk factors for readmission and mortality.Results: The effect sizes for readmission and mortality were estimated as the mean and 95% confidence interval (CI). The estimated 30-day and 1-year all-cause readmission rates were 0.19 (95% CI 0.14– 0.23) and 0.53 (95% CI 0.46– 0.59), respectively, while the all-cause mortality rates were 0.14 (95% CI 0.10– 0.18) and 0.29 (95% CI 0.25– 0.33), respectively. Comorbidities were highly prevalent in individuals with HF.Conclusion: Heart failure hospitalization is followed by high readmission and mortality rates.Keywords: heart failure, meta-analysis, prevalence, readmission, mortality, hospitalization
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In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 30, Heft 47, S. 104029-104042
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: HELIYON-D-23-54598
SSRN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has become a major cause of liver transplantation and liver‐associated death. NASH is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and is characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, hepatocellular injury, and different degrees of fibrosis. However, there is no US Food and Drug Administration–approved medication to treat this devastating disease. Therapeutic activators of the AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) have been proposed as a potential treatment for metabolic diseases such as NASH. Cordycepin, a natural product isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Cordyceps militaris, has recently emerged as a promising drug candidate for metabolic diseases. APPROACH AND RESULTS: We evaluated the effects of cordycepin on lipid storage in hepatocytes, inflammation, and fibrosis development in mice with NASH. Cordycepin attenuated lipid accumulation, inflammation, and lipotoxicity in hepatocytes subjected to metabolic stress. In addition, cordycepin treatment significantly and dose‐dependently decreased the elevated levels of serum aminotransferases in mice with diet‐induced NASH. Furthermore, cordycepin treatment significantly reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hepatic fibrosis in mice. In vitro and in vivo mechanistic studies revealed that a key mechanism linking the protective effects of cordycepin were AMPK phosphorylation–dependent, as indicated by the finding that treatment with the AMPK inhibitor Compound C abrogated cordycepin‐induced hepatoprotection in hepatocytes and mice with NASH. CONCLUSION: Cordycepin exerts significant protective effects against hepatic steatosis, inflammation, liver injury, and fibrosis in mice under metabolic stress through activation of the AMPK signaling pathway. Cordycepin might be an AMPK activator that can be used for the treatment of NASH.
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