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Intro -- Language, Culture, and Identity - Signs of Life -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Foreword -- Reference -- Introduction: Language, culture and identity: Signs of life -- Background to this volume -- Language, culture and identity: Signs of Life -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Philosophy and philosophical practice: Eurocentrism as an epistemology of ignorance -- Introduction -- The geography of epistemology -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2. Translation and transnationality in the Himalaya: Writing Gorkha language and culture -- Introduction -- Colonial and national Darjeeling -- Postcoloniality and translation -- Short story and subalternity -- Marginality and linguistic minority -- Awakening historical memory: Diaspora and danger -- References -- 3. North-South relations in linguistic science: Collaboration or colonialism? -- Introduction: Why document endangered languages? -- ELDR: Evolving paradigms -- North-South relations: Unequal exchange between academics and communities -- North-South relations: Unequal exchange inside the academe -- Case study 1: Does "data collection" count as research? -- Case study 2: Are field sites "open territory"? -- Case study 3: To what extent, and when, should data be in the public domain? -- General discussion -- Concluding reflections on theory, methodology, goals and values -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4. My journey as an indigenous Xinguan teacher and researcher: A personal account -- Introduction -- Linguistic classification -- Societal and political organisation -- Onomastic designation -- Indigenous schooling -- Diet -- Reflection on my experience -- Culture and identity -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5. The representation-cohesion-stance hypothesis -- Introduction -- The limits of grammar.

Performing arts education has been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic crisis around the world since early 2020. Educators had to adapt the classes with remote learning when face-to-face instruction had been suspended during the pandemic. Although frustrations and confusion continued to abound with the implementation of new pedagogies, online teaching, and learning spurred new practices, innovative ideas, and breakthroughs. Some performing arts educators took this opportunity to explore new skills and strategies and provided performing arts students with more impactful learning experiences. Presently, with the COVID-19 pandemic gradually showing a sign of easing, many Hong Kong schools have returned to in-person instruction. Meanwhile, the impactful learning feedback from students triggered calls for redesigning the pedagogy of performing arts education. This study placed the impact of COVID-19 on performing arts education into context and drilled down into the delivery of performing arts education in the post-pandemic era. This study reviewed teaching and learning experiences of performing arts education, with the following three research questions addressed: (a) What is the correlation between performing arts students' academic traits and their proficiency in utilizing technology during the COVID-19 pandemic? (b) What are the influential factors impacting the hybrid learning experience and outcomes of performing arts students during the COVID-19 pandemic? (c) What are the anticipated expectations of performing arts students regarding future models of arts education? Furthermore, practical solutions and insights for performing arts educational delivery in the post-pandemic era are provided in this study.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe and analyze the pre-hospital emergency medical service (EMS) in Beijing and provide information for the government and medical institutions to optimize EMS. METHODS: We collected all pre-hospital emergency data in Beijing from 2008 to 2017. The chief complaint in each case was classified according to the Medical Priority Dispatch System (MPDS). The sites' administrative districts were determined through geo-encoding of addresses and then classified into four functional regions. We analyzed the demand for EMS, emergency response times (ERT), and disease spectrum for Beijing as a whole, and for each functional region. RESULTS: A total of 4,192,870 pre-hospital EMS cases met the inclusion criteria, with a significant increase (P < 0.001) of 51.60% from 2008 to 2017. EMS demand was positively associated with population (r = 0.946, P < 0.001). The pre-hospital EMS demand rate was 1907.05 in 2008 and 2172.23 in 2017 per 100,000, with no significant change (P = 0.57). ERT increased significantly (P = 0.001), from 19.18 min in 2008 to 24.51 min in 2016. According to MPDS classifications, the demand for pre-hospital care increased for 14 diseases, remained stable for 19, and decreased for only 1 disease. Cases of injury-related disease increased significantly from approximately 90,000 in 2017, accounting for 20% of all pre-hospital EMS cases, and the demand rate decreased in the core region but increased in the sub-urban regions. Cases of heart problems and stroke/transient ischemic attack also increased significantly in the four functional regions, with the highest demand rate in the Core Functional Region. CONCLUSIONS: More resources and effort should be devoted to pre-hospital EMS according to the increased pre-hospital EMS demand and prolonged ERT in Beijing over our 10-year study period. Changes in disease spectrum and differences between functional regions should also be considered.