Suchergebnisse

Margaret Atwood's writings have been the subject of many critical studies from different theoretical angles, which outline the diverse and composite quality of the Canadian author's literary explorations. The publication of the MaddAddam trilogy – Oryx and Crake (2003), The Year of the Flood (2009), and MaddAddam (2013) – have opened yet another critical perspective, which is that of science fiction or, as Atwood herself defines it, speculative fiction. Moving from the Canadian roots of Atwood's speculative texts and from the debate with Ursula K. Le Guin on science fiction, this study employs the interpretative tools provided by ecocriticism and posthumanism to investigate Atwood's trilogy as a single and accomplished body of work. In the second chapter, devoted to Oryx and Crake, I explore the developments of Atwood's lifelong interest in the nature and politics of power, and I argue that she employs parody as a subverting strategy that questions roles and discourses involved in power relations. In the third chapter, I analyze The Year of the Flood as an investigation in the religious roots of culture, which represents a bulwark against the ruthless dreams – or nightmares – of scientific and technological progress. Lastly, I engage with the critical discourses on nature and on the environmental crisis, to attain the conclusion that, in MaddAddam, hybridity and a revived awareness of the power of narration represent a strategy of survival. Ultimately, my goal lies in analyzing Atwood's aesthetic responses to the urgency of the environmental crisis, which rely on the tools of storytelling and on the playful use of language. At bottom, I argue that these tools serve as aesthetic responses to the threat of a dystopian future.

O livro debate sobre um fenômeno social em crescimento na sociedade capitalista atual, a população em situação de rua, e sobre o trabalho informal, sua principal estratégia de sobrevivência, que lhe rende o suficiente somente para a reprodução da própria miséria. A discussão sobre o modo de produção capitalista é imprescindível para a compreensão das determinações do processo de rualização e do trabalho informal, funcionais e necessários ao capital, frutos do capitalismo, que possui seu pilar fundamental na exploração da força de trabalho, e para que alcance o seu objetivo de acumulação de riquezas, provoca também acumulação de miséria, isso faz parte da lei geral de acumulação capitalista. A superpopulação relativa é componente dessa lei, um grupo de pessoas que se encontra parcial ou inteiramente desocupado, do qual a população em situação de rua faz parte, em cada uma de suas formas. Quem é a população em situação de rua? Por que existe um grupo crescente de pessoas que usa as ruas como local de moradia e trabalho? Por que é formada em sua maioria por homens? Por que, mesmo que a maioria tenha no trabalho informal a principal fonte de renda, permanece em situação de rua? Qual a importância do trabalho informal em suas vidas? Mendicância, mangueio e pedido são formas de trabalho? Essas e outras questões são discutidas nesta obra.

O objetivo desse artigo é realizar uma investigação sobre anúncios publicitários presentes em periódicos de associações sócio profissionais de Florianópolis dos anos de 1930. É proposto utilizar a noção Habitus, a partir de Pierre Bourdieu, para estudar tais anúncios, principalmente buscando compreender diferenças entre estilos de vida e gosto pelo recorte da classe social. Foram selecionados quatro periódicos, dois mais conectados com classes de trabalhadores mais populares, outro representava farmacêuticos e o último principalmente ligado a comerciantes da capital catarinense. Foi possível perceber como os anúncios publicitários eram portadores de signos de distinção que se adequavam conforme o público que era visado, propiciando compreender diferenças de gosto e necessidades pela sociedade.

Quais as implicações da pandemia para a população em situação de rua? Quais foram as respostas do Estado? Há um novo perfil de pessoas em situação de rua? Esses são alguns dos elementos discutidos neste artigo, cujo objetivo é debater sobre as implicações das medidas de contenção da pandemia do novo coronavírus para a vida desse grupo populacional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, feita em dois sítios digitais no período entre março a julho de 2020, pautada pela teoria crítica. Os resultados indicam que houve crescimento dos que vivem nas ruas, e sua sobrevivência foi obstaculizada, visto a impossibilidade ou redução da realização dos trabalhos informais, sua principal fonte de sobrevivência. O Estado brasileiro ampliou o número de vagas em abrigos, criou abrigos emergenciais, instalou pias em locais públicos, todavia, tais medidas foram insuficientes para lidar com a questão.THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 AND ITS INCIDENCES FOR THE HOMELESS POPULATIONAbstractWhat are the implications of the pandemic for the homeless? What were the State's responses? Is there a new profile of homeless people? These are some of the elements discussed in this article, which aims to discuss the implications of the measures to contain the pandemic of the new coronavirus for the life of this population group. This is a bibliographical research, carried out in two websites from March to July 2020, based on the critical theory. The results indicate that there has been an increase of those who live on the streets, and their survival has been hindered, given the impossibility or reduction of informal work, their main source of survival. The Brazilian State expanded the number of places in shelters, created emergency shelters, installed sinks in public places, however, such measures were insufficient to deal with the issue.Keywords: Population in homeless situation. Pandemic. Role of the State.

Este artigo discute a formação da população em situação de rua, sua vinculação ao modo de produção capitalista e suas alterações, do capitalismo comercial ao capitalismo neoliberal (desenvolvido no Brasil desde a década de 1990). Resgatam-se alguns elementos importantes como os "cercamentos" (fundamentais para a transição ao capitalismo). Faz-se a distinção entre os "mendigos" do capitalismo comercial (que viviam somente da mendicância) e a atual população em situação de rua que integra a classe trabalhadora e sua sobrevivência depende do trabalho informal.

The essays collected in this volume were originally presented at the Twenty-fourth Biennal International Conference of A.I.S.N.A. (the Italian Association of American Studies) ... which took place in Milan, Italy, from the 28. to the 30. of September, 2017.

X-ray emission from young stellar objects (YSOs) is a key ingredient in understanding star formation. For the early, protostellar (Class I) phase, a very limited (and controversial) quantity of X-ray results is available to date. Within the EXTraS (Exploring the X-ray Transient and variable Sky) project, we have discovered transient X-ray emission from a source whose counterpart is ISO-Oph 85, a strongly embedded YSO in the ρ Ophiuchi star-forming region. We extract an X-ray light curve for the flaring state, and determine the spectral parameters for the flare from XMM-Newton/EPIC data with a method based upon quantile analysis. We combine photometry from infrared to millimeter wavelengths from the literature with mid-IR Spitzer and unpublished submm Herschel photometry that we analysed for this work, and we describe the resulting spectral energy distribution (SED) with a set of precomputed models. The X-ray flare of ISO-Oph 85 lasted ~2500 s and is consistent with a highly-absorbed one-component thermal model (NH = 1.0-0.5+1.2 × 1023 cm-2 and kT= 1.15-0.65+2.35 keV). The X-ray luminosity during the flare is log LX [erg/s] = 31.1+2.0-1.2; during quiescence we set an upper limit of log LX [erg/s] < 29.5. We do not detect other flares from this source. The submillimeter fluxes suggest that the object is a Class I protostar. We caution, however, that the offset between the Herschel and optical/infrared position is larger than that for other YSOs in the region, leaving some doubt on this association. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first X-ray flare from a YSO that has been recognised as a candidate Class I protostar via the analysis of its complete SED, including the submm bands that are crucial for detecting the protostellar envelope. This work shows how the analysis of the whole SED is fundamental to the classification of YSOs, and how the X-ray source detection techniques we have developed can open a new era in time-resolved analysis of the X-ray emission from stars. ; The research that led to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-SPACE-2013-1), under grant agreement n. 607452, "Exploring the X-ray Transient and variable Sky – EXTraS". ; Peer-reviewed ; Publisher Version

GRB 160821B is a short duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected and localized by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory in the outskirts of a spiral galaxy at z = 0.1613, at a projected physical offset of 16 kpc from the galaxy's center. We present X-ray, optical/nIR, and radio observations of its counterpart and model them with two distinct components of emission: a standard afterglow, arising from the interaction of the relativistic jet with the surrounding medium, and a kilonova, powered by the radioactive decay of the sub-relativistic ejecta. Broadband modelling of the afterglow data reveals a weak reverse shock propagating backward into the jet, and a likely jet-break at 3.5 d. This is consistent with a structured jet seen slightly off-axis (theta(view) similar to theta(core)) while expanding into a low-density medium (n approximate to 10(-3) cm(-3)). Analysis of the kilonova properties suggests a rapid evolution towards red colours, similar to AT2017gfo, and a low-nIR luminosity, possibly due to the presence of a long-lived neutron star. The global properties of the environment, the inferred low mass (M-ej less than or similar to 0.006 M-circle dot) and velocities (v(ej) greater than or similar to 0.05c) of lanthanide-rich ejecta are consistent with a binary neutron star merger progenitor.© 2019 The Authors. ; Partial support of the DCT was provided by Discovery Communications. LMI was built by Lowell Observatory using funds from the National Science Foundation (AST-1005313). The work is partly based on the observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), installed in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, in the island of La Palma. ET acknowledges financial support provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through HST-GO14357, HST-GO14087, HST-GO14607, and HST-GO14850 grants from the Space Telescope Science Institute, operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated. AJCT, YDH e IM acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the 'Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa' award for the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709). The development of CIRCE at GTC was supported by the University of Florida and the National Science Foundation (grant AST-0352664), in collaboration with IUCAA. RSR acknowledges support by Italian Space Agency (ASI) through the Contract no. 2015-046-R.0 and by AHEAD the European Union Horizon 2020 Programme under the AHEAD project (grant agreement no. 654215). YDH also acknowledges the support by the program of China Scholarships Council (CSC) under the grant no. 201406660015. JBG acknowledges the support of the Viera y Clavijo program funded by ACIISI and ULL. GN and AT acknowledge funding in the framework of the project ULTraS (ASI-INAF contract no. 2017-14-H.0). GR acknowledges the support of the University of Maryland through the Joint Space Science Institute Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship. ; Peer reviewed