Suchergebnisse

Islam and the West are two sivilizations which that seem to be on two sides facing each other. The West represents the progress while Islam represents the lagging. Even though, these symptoms cannot be categorized in black and white, but the Western power in dominating science, technology and politics is an indicator of progress, while Islam is in a stagnant line following the control of Western domination. This study starts from the awareness in rethinking on the epistemological context of science in Islam and at the same time comparing it with the initial starting point of progress in the West by two pioneers of Western philosophers, Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes. Through a philosophical study it was found that the scientific epistemology of Islam must shift from mere study of the text (bayani), proof of the text (burhani) and deep appreciation of the text (irfani) to cosmological studies as objects of knowledge through empirical phenomena and potential awareness of ratio. Islam dan Barat adalah dua peradaban yang seakan berada pada dua sisi yang berhadap-hadapan. Barat merepresentasikan kemajuan sementara Islam merepresentasikan ketertinggalan. Gejala tersebut walau tidak dapat dikategorikan secara hitam-putih, namun kedigdayaan Barat dalam mendominasi ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan politik setidaknya menjadi indikator dari sebuah kemajuan. Kajian ini bertolak dari kesadaran tersebut dalam melihat kembali konteks epistemologis keilmuan dalam Islam dan sekaligus membandingkannya dengan titik tolak awal kemajuan di Barat oleh dua pelopor filsuf Barat yaitu Francis Bacon dan Rene Descartes. Melalui telaah filosofis ditemukan bahwa epistemologi keilmuan Islam harus bergeser dari sekedar telaah teks (bayani), pembuktian teks (burhani) dan pengahayatan teks ('irfani) pada kajian kosmologis sebagai obyek pengetahuanmelalui fenomena empiris dan potensi kesadaran rasio. Kata Kunci: Ilmu, epistemologi, teks, konteks

Samsul Ma'arif, Dynamics of Ancestral Religious Recognition in Religious Politics in Indonesia. Yogyakarta: CRCS UGM, 2017 Juridically Indonesia has identified itself as a religious country. An important element which states that it is manifested in Pancasila as the foundation of the state in the first principle, namely the belief in the oneness of God. The formalization of the element of belief in all of the nation's history is not a flawless one. One of the criticisms that is not taken seriously by most components of the nation is a derivative form of the first polarized first principle in the birth of official religions recognized by the state. Polarization is arguably very exclusive, which eventually, will deny the existence of other beliefs that grow in the community. As a consequence, there arises a pejorative narrative in all its forms to those outside the official state religions. Even the most unnecessary things happen, as violent acts which very likely result from the exclusive polarization.

Modern Arabic fiction in Kuwait : emergence and development -- The Kuwaiti female literary tradition : an overview -- Male domination, female fury in Kuwaiti women's short stories -- Subverting patriarchy : women's defiance and solidarity in Laylā al-'Uthmān's Wasmiyya takhruj min al-bahạr -- Race, class, war, and gender in Ṭayyiba al-Ibrāhīm's Mudhakkirāt khādim -- Culture and gender : sexuality, femininity, and identity in Fawziyya S. al-Sālim's Muzūn

Before the wind of change: the orientation of trade unions in Africa -- Leftist intelligentsia, labor union education, and decolonization -- Decolonization: understanding the conventional narratives -- The colonial state and organized labor -- Labor union education before 1960 -- Champions of the working class: Samuel Grace Ikoku and other noble men -- On the eve of independence: the Nigerian Union of Seamen dispute, 1959 -- Labor union education since 1960