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The paper analyzes two main dominant political projects of transformation of the political system and state-legal organization in the post-Soviet territory - conservative one and modernizational one which differ in internal ambiguous and contradictory. The authors argue that the process of political transformation should be examined as a wider category than the concept of "modernization", which is a type of transformation processes which are interpret as evolutionary, revolutionary or pendulum forms of political institutions, the system of authoritative relations. It is proved that modern conservative projects of transformation of political life of the community, aimed at the formation of adequate and organic to socio-cultural environment public institutions of government, forms of organizations that meet the interests and values of society. At the same time, it is shown that in the twenty-first century in the post-Soviet territory, and in particular in the development of Russia's political organization a stable conservative strategy is restored. The paper the general characteristics are identified and the fundamental differences between conservative and modernist political programs are pointed out. Depending on the style of conservative thinking and fundamental civilizational standards of political organization such conservative platforms operating in Russian politics as traditsionalistic, neo-eurasistic, modernistic, postmodernistic and others are selected and analyzed in the article. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s2p373

The author's article analyzes the formation, evolution and modern functioning of the social state as an institutional form of legal freedom. It shows that there are four innovative stages in the legal institutionalization of the modern political supremacy: the civil state, the constitutional state, the democratic constitutional state and the social constitutional state. It is noted that in the process of accumulation, as more experience of social and socially oriented economic policy realization will be gained, the social human rights were institutionalized. Besides, the article proves that spiritual development prerequisites by the constitutional state of the social function were the enlightenment idea of a human right. In turn the standard principle of solidarity also found realization in the social constitutional state principle, meaning the intervention of the state in private citizens' life for their worthy life. This plan includes the modern state responsibility increase in the social and economic sphere that notes the transformation of liberalism and reconsideration the previous principle of non-interference. The article gives also the definition and distinction of such interconnected political and legal phenomena as: "the social constitutional state policy ", its "social and economic policy". The authors argue that with the social function development the constitutional state has become an extremely difficult political association; its purpose is to ensure the conditions for realization and the guarantees of economic, political and social human rights, and the living standards rise of civil society. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s6p263

In the article an "order" is analyzed as a complex and difficult phenomenon, acting as sociocultural code for governmental organization development typical for any social system. Formation of "order" idea, its mythological and rational interpretations, systemized modern approaches to its understanding are traced in this article. In addition, in the content there is an author's interpretation of political legal order appropriate to modern political and legal processes. In this case political and legal order is taken as social phenomenon, based on political, legal norms, ideas, values and ideals, providing stable institutional society organization, that reflects ordering and reproduction of social relations and specific character, patterns of socialcultural system developing of social integrity. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s3p198

This article points out and addresses problematic issues related to the nature of the legal culture, legal worldview, and legal awareness of legal entities. Within the framework of the philosophical-legal and cultural discourse, the authors of the study reveal the existing “semantic layers” regarding the essence of legal culture, its structure and manifestations, as well as the determining influence on the content of the legal world outlook, methods (forms) and results of dissemination of legal information. The article involves theoretical and methodological aspects of studying the national legal culture and legal consciousness, developed by various representatives of the Russian classical legal and philosophical-legal schools (I.A. Iliin, N.S. Trubetskoi, N.N. Alekseev and others).

The history of the Russian autocracy, as well as the question of its character and historical significance, rests on the events of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917, which turned out to be an insurmountably fatal obstacle for it. A contemporary of the last Romanovs, the great Russian historian V.O. Kliuchevskii could observe and analyze the agony of the Russian autocracy, drawing on the experience of his academic knowledge of the history of Russian power and society. This part of his creative heritage should be considered as historical elitology, which directly follows from an analysis of the essence of the subjects of the highest power (elite), and in particular the ruling tsar's dynasty in Russia.