Suchergebnisse

Las epidemias se han convertido en un objeto de interés para las ciencias sociales. Éstas se caracterizan normalmente como objeto de pánico o situación biopolítica. Tales perspectivas olvidan que las epidemias impactan directamente en nuestra cotidianidad. Para analizar ese impacto conviene conceptualizarlas como objetos sociotécnicos. Nuestro artículo presenta esa perspectiva. Analizando material de prensa, información especializada publicada en revistas como Science o editada por instituciones sanitarias mostramos cómo las epidemias subvierten los principales límites de nuestra realidad cotidiana: humano-animal, local-global, política-naturaleza y sano-patológico. Argüiremos que tras esa ruptura se produce instantáneamente una reconstrucción de los mismos basada en las siguientes características: a) la medicina adquiere una fuerza especial en la definición de tales límites, b) aparece la conceptualización de una "excepcionalidad biológica" como mecanismo de inteligibilidad básico para comprender el mencionado fenómeno de reconstrucción y c) se actualiza un determinado régimen sobre lo corporal. ; Recently, epidemics have become an important concern in social sciences. They currently have two important ways of conceptualizing epidemics: a) as a panic object; or b) as a bio-political situation. Nevertheless, these two perspectives disregard that epidemics basically are a way of transforming our daily life. In order to grasp this impact we put forward to conceptualize epidemics as a socio-technical object. Our paper will show this perspective. Analyzing mass media, information from academic journals, such as Science, or from Health Institutions we will explain how epidemics change the main borders of our everyday life. That is, the tension between animal-human, local-global, politics-nature and healthy-pathological. We will argue that after the aforementioned rupture appears a new redefinition of said limits with the following elements: a) medicine appears as the most relevant dimension in that redefinition; b) it is defined a kind of "biological emergency" as the way to understand the aforementioned process of redefinition; and c) a specific body regime is updated.

A través de varias noticias donde aparecen dispositivos tecnológicos de control y seguimiento introducidos en diferentes ámbitos de la vida cotidiana, analizamos cuáles podrían ser los actuales regímenes de poder y sujeción a los que nos vemos abocadas como ciudadanas. Teniendo en cuenta la centralidad que han adquirido las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, proponemos que la problemática del sujeto y las relaciones de poder que ocupaba a las sociedades disciplinarias y que se materializaba en el panoptismo y la consecuente producción de individuos, está siendo sustituida por una nueva ecuación: la producción de dividuos mediante superficies de ensamblaje. El elemento que nos permite argumentar tal giro conceptual es, precisamente, un microchip y la gestión de la información que se genera a partir de su inserción en el brazo de cualquier ciudadano. Tras este primer diagnóstico acerca de las formas de gobierno actuales ahondaremos en los nuevos modos de socialidad que emergen a partir del control continuo y en abierto de nuestras trayectorias. La aparición de lo que denominamos extituciones permitirá hablar de las nuevas lógicas del ejercicio del poder y sus espacialidades. Éstas se caracterizan por un gobierno de la vida asentado en el procesamiento tecnológico de la información que circula acerca de nuestras acciones y, por supuesto, de nosotras mismas. Para terminar nos preguntamos acerca de cuáles podrían ser las acciones políticas colectivas que subvirtieran estas lógicas de gobierno preponderantes en un contexto post-humanista donde la centralidad de "lo humano" ha sido desplazada por una tecnocracia política, ética y epistémica. ; Through some news about technological devices for controlling and monitoring introduced in different areas of daily life, we analize what could be the current regimes of power and subject to which we are engaged as citizens. Taking into account the centrality acquired by technologies of information and communication, we propose that the problem of subjects and power relations which dealt with disciplinary societies and was materialized in the panopticon and the consequent production of individuals, is being replaced by a new equation: the production of dividuals by means of what we call as assembling surfaces. The element that allows us to argue this conceptual shift is, precisely, a microchip and the management of the information that is generated from its insertion into the arm of any citizen. After this initial diagnosis about the current ways of government we'll go into new forms of sociality that emerge from the continued and open control of our paths in depth. The emergence of what we call extitutions will allow us to talk about the new logic of power and their spaces. They are characterized by a government of life established in the technological processing of circulating information about our actions, and, of course, about ourselves. In conclusion, we wonder about what may be the collective political actions that can be able to subvert the dominant logic of government in a post-humanist context where the centrality of "human" has been replaced by a political, ethical and epistemic technocracy.

This paper puts forward that the massive use of protocols in biomedicine has created a new kind of materiality for pathology. This is very well depicted by the notion of 'potential object' coined by A.N.Whitehead. Potential objects are a complete and heterogeneous ordering of life. We will call to these orderings, resulting from the shaping of such potential objects, regimes of vitality. They establish different scales of life, actors and the relation between them in biomedical activity. Moreover, they define the temporality in the medical processes, the correct articulation between normality and abnormality and, finally, they produce a set of motility conditions for individuals. Based on a research about protocols on cancer, telecare and epidemics we will pose that movement is inseparable from the "truth" that always appears in the regimes of vitality. In this sense, we will also pose that biomedicine has remove our concern about movement from the political and individual sphere and has put it in the sphere of health and normativity of science. In a nutshell, biomedicine has transformed mobility into correct-and-healthy-movement. ; El texto plantea que la masiva protocolarización de la biomedicina ha creado una nueva materialidad para la patología. Ésta es caracterizada a partir de la noción de 'objeto potencial' que acuñó A.N.Whitehead. Los objetos potenciales constituyen una completa y heterogénea ordenación de la vida. A tales órdenes resultantes de la aparición de un objeto potencial se les denomina 'regímenes de vitalidad'. Éstos se caracterizan por establecer las diferentes escalas de la vida en la actividad médica, la temporalidad de los procesos médicos, por establecer el tipo de relación entre normalidad y anormalidad y, finalmente, por generar un conjunto de condiciones de motilidad para los individuos. A partir de una serie de investigaciones sobre los protocolos médicos del cáncer de mama, los que rigen emergencias sanitarias como las epidemias o implementan la teleasistencia sostendremos que el movimiento es indisociable del juego de verdad que ofrecen los regímenes de vitalidad. También argüiremos que la biomedicina, al hacer lo anterior, ha sustraído la preocupación por el movimiento del plano individual e incluso político y lo ha vinculado con el de la salud, lo científicamente prescriptible y normativo. En suma, ha transformado la movilidad en buen-y-sano-movimiento.

The concept of work-life balance has recently established itself as a key component on route maps drawn up in the pursuit of social sustainability, both on a local scale, represented by individual organizations, and on a more general one, represented by global institutions such as the United Nations. Our article analyzes telework's use as a political tool within organizations that either boost or hinder the development of social sustainability. Additionally, we propose the notion of "life sustainability" to analyze how female teleworkers describe the link between specific work cultures and the possibility of fulfilling social sustainability goals in local work environments through the achievement of a good work-life balance. Our research was performed following a qualitative approach, drawing from a sample of 24 individual interviews and 10 focus groups with a total of 48 participants, all of which are female teleworkers with family responsibilities. Our main findings allow us to summarize the interviewees' social perceptions into two categories, which we have dubbed "life sustainability ecologies" and "presence-based ecologies" We conclude by discussing female teleworkers' claim that work-life balance is directly linked to social sustainability and that the latter goal will remain out of reach as long as the issue of balance goes unresolved.

The growth of the hotel industry in Spain in recent decades has meant, among other things, the acceleration of the hotel room attendants' labour. An overload of physical activity, illnesses, and physical and mental exhaustion are the most visible consequences. Based on a qualitative study carried out with hotel room attendants working in Spanish hotels, the article analyses the effects of work intensification on room attendants' representation of their bodies. The results show that rather than the typical description of their body as a machine that must withstand high pressure, hotel room attendants define it as a vector body constructed through multiple flows and demands, which has to speed up its pace, being constantly overwhelmed and self-managed in the process. We discuss how the acceleration of work in hotels is the result of a series of organizational and individual practices, impacting the representation and corporal practice of the hotel room attendants.

En pleno siglo XXI, la biomedicina y la biotecnología se han convertido en dos características fundamentales del mundo en el que vivimos. Sin duda, el autor que más se ha trabajado para analizar las repercusiones políticas de estos avances ha sido Michel Foucault a partir de su concepción del biopoder y posteriormente Nikolas Rose al hablar de ethopolítica. Nuestra propuesta afirma que las ideas de ambos sobre lo biótico se engloban en un dispositivo de gestión y administración mayor que lo convierte en una trayectoria o flujo de movimiento, al que denominamos cinepoder. Mediante un estudio de caso de los dispositivos de bioseguridad de la Unión Europea, ilustraremos las características del cinepoder y sus implicaciones sobre el bios. ; In the beginning of the XXIth Century, biomedicine and biotechnology have become two defining characteristics of our every day. Doubtless, one of the main authors referenced in the analysis of this impact has been Michel Foucault and his notion of biopower. More recently the Nikolas Rose's idea of ethopolitics has acquired a similar relevance and has received a substantial attention in Social Sciences. Our paper puts forward that the proposals of both about life should be included in a device of management and government that turns the biotic into a trajectory or flow of movement. We have called this new dispositive kinepower. We will illustrate the characteristics of this dispositive through a case study focused on the European Union practices and discourse about biosecurity