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This research thesis investigates news journalists' role in the promotion and protection of peace and human rights. I explore how news journalists do not just have the ability, through the discursive selections they make, to be a catalyst for peace and non-violent solutions, it is their obligation under international human rights. My study links arguments about universal ethics for media based on international human rights with the practical and analytical approach of 'peace journalism'. The main argument rests on the idea that objectivity or impartiality in news journalism does not equal ethical neutrality since there is always a discursive selection made by the news journalists. In order to monitor whether news journalists discursive selections comply with the international human rights obligations, I have explored how the Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission (HREOC) report A Last Resort? were covered in three Australian newspapers when it was published in 2004. The HREOC report was a testament of human rights abuses by the Australian Federal Governments towards children in Australian detention centres. I establish that health professionals were a significant group for both HREOC's main findings and recommendations and a key group for the contextualisation of the human rights violations explored and exposed in the HREOC report. Informed by conflict analysis and peace studies theories I argue HREOC establish how the detention policy equals 'structural violence' that caused 'direct violence', which was justified and normalised because 'cultural violence'. I use discourse analysis to explore the discursive selections in the newspapers, and establish that the report received limited coverage and health professionals were omitted in the news while the political conflict was reported. This trivialised the report and health professionals' role, which led to the naturalisation and normalisation of the violence. I finally reinforce these finding by exploring alternatives to the coverage using a peace ...

Verl.Beschr.: Dieses Buch beinhaltet eine kompakte Darstellung der elementaren finanzmathematischen Begriffe, Prinzipien und Zusammenhänge. Aufgrund seines logischen, strukturierten Aufbaus ist es sehr gut als Begleitlektüre beim Studium dieses Teils der angewandten Mathematik geeignet, ebenso zur Prüfungsvorbereitung und als Nachschlagewerk bzw. Formelsammlung. Zahlreiche Beispiele und Aufgaben mit Lösungen dienen dem besseren Verständnis der Theorie wie auch der vielfältigen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Der Leserkreis besteht in erster Linie aus Studierenden aller Fachrichtungen, gleichermassen ist das Buch auch für Mitarbeiter in Wirtschaft oder Verwaltung geeignet. Inhaltlich reichen die Themen von Verzinsungsmodellen über Zahlungsströme, Renten, Tilgungs- und Abschreibungsprozesse bis hin zu Kurs- und Renditeberechnungen. Das Buch ist damit gut für die Bachelorausbildung geeignet. Die Website zum Buch www.imn.htwk-leipzig.de/ımartin enthält die ausführlichen Lösungen der Übungsaufgaben

AbstractTobacco use is a global problem and the health consequences are far reaching. Systemic approaches are needed to help investigate policies to reduce the adverse health effects of tobacco use. This paper provides an overview of the system dynamics model that has been developed to assist the Ministry of Health to evaluate the dynamic consequences of tobacco control policies in New Zealand. The model consists of six sectors: population; smoking prevalences; tobacco consumption; second hand smoke; relative risks and tobacco attributable deaths. The model is simulated for 20–30 years into the future. The simulation package used is'iThink', and a user interface is presented for policy analysis. A range of illustrative scenarios are provided, including: business as usual; fiscal strategies involving less affordable cigarettes; harm minimization strategies involving either less addictive cigarettes or less toxic cigarettes and combinations of the above policies. The main output variables (performance measures) include current smoking prevalence, tobacco consumption and tobacco attributable mortality. Finally some areas for future model enhancement are identified. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Objectives. We estimated the long-term effects of smoking cessation interventions to inform government decision-making regarding investment in tobacco control.

The paper uses a simulation model to assess the effects of population ageing on government health expenditures in New Zealand. Population ageing is defined to include disability trends and "distance to death"; government health expenditures are defined to include both acute and long-term care. The model results suggest that population ageing is associated with a large increase in expenditure share of people aged 65 and over, which rises from about 29% of total government health expenditure in 1951 to 63% in 2051. Analysis of demographic and health trends over the period 1951 to 2002 suggests, however, that these trends account for only a small proportion of the total growth in health expenditure. Most expenditure growth is attributable to other factors, such as an expansion in the range of treatments provided, and increases in input prices such as wages. Growth in this non-demographic component of health expenditures has reached 3-4% per year over recent years. Projection results for the period 2002 to 2051 suggest that restraining government expenditure on health to 6-12% of GDP would require long-run growth rates for the non-demographic component of health expenditure that are significantly lower than current rates. In other words, future demographic changes may be less threatening than is often assumed, but it would still not be possible to maintain current growth rates for government health expenditure and avoid substantial increases in the ratio between expenditure and GDP.

We have developed a software-based tool to support a dynamic micro-simulation model of life-course development (to age 13) as an aid to policy makers assessing the impact of policies affecting children. We demonstrate how this approach bridges the research-policy gap by creating: (1) an easy transfer of evidence in a form that policymakers can use (for example, 'What is the policy influence of X on Y?'); and (2) a 'pull' system of knowledge transfer by which policy makers control the knowledge they access. The advantage of close collaboration with policy makers in the development and implementation phases is also discussed.