Suchergebnisse

Dottorato di ricerca in Ecologia e gestione delle risorse biologiche ; L'analisi del Capitale Naturale sta diventando uno strumento sempre più importante a supporto della gestione degli spazi, nell'ottica di rendere compatibili i molteplici usi delle risorse naturali, spesso in conflitto tra loro. A tal proposito, le direttive di riferimento per la politica ambientale europea (Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/CE – MSFD; Maritime Spatial Planning Directive 2014/89/CE - MSP) si basano sul principio dell'Ecosystem Approach per definire i criteri di monitoraggio degli ecosistemi marini e di gestione degli spazi marittimi. Alla base di questo approccio c'è il concetto di sviluppo sostenibile, secondo cui l'utilizzo delle risorse naturali, affinché produca benefici per l'uomo, deve essere guidato dalla considerazione degli equilibri ecosistemici che producono tali risorse. Dal punto di vista economico, il comparto marino costituisce oggi una risorsa di enorme potenzialità per lo sviluppo comunitario, il cui sfruttamento sostenibile risulta essere l'obiettivo ultimo della strategia europea Blue Growth (BG). Nel contesto dell'analisi dei servizi ecosistemici (SE), la valutazione del capitale naturale non può prescindere dall'integrazione dei dati ecologici, con quelli economici e socio-culturali, dal momento che per definizione i SE hanno un focus antropocentrico, essendo considerati come i contributi, diretti o indiretti, che un ecosistema procura al benessere umano. Il computo dei servizi ecosistemici culturali (CES), spesso omesso negli studi di impatto costi-benefici, sta ricevendo sempre più interesse da parte della comunità scientifica al fine di migliorare i processi decisionali in materia di ambiente. Essi, infatti, forniscono informazioni su come i cambiamenti ambientali e dei benefit forniti dagli ecosistemi influiscano sul benessere sociale. Sulla base di quanto detto, risulta di particolare interesse l'analisi del contributo dei CES nella valutazione dei SE forniti dagli ecosistemi costieri, responsabili della produzione di una gran parte di beni e servizi essenziali per la continuità della vita umana sul pianeta. La quantificazione economica dei CES e l'individuazione di degli hotspot ecosistemici trova particolare rilevanza soprattutto in aree dove questi servizi risultano sovrapposti e potenzialmente in conflitto con gli usi antropici del territorio. ; The Natural Capital Analysis is becoming an increasing important tool to support the management of the space, with the aim to achieve compatibility among multiple uses of natural resources which are often in conflict with each other. In this regard, reference guidelines for European Environmental Policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56 / EC - MSFD; Maritime Spatial Planning Directive 2014/89 / EC - MSP) are based on the principle of the Ecosystem Approach to define the monitoring criteria of marine and maritime space management ecosystems. On the basis of this approach there is the concept of sustainable development, according to with the use of natural resources, in order to produce benefits for humans, must be guided by the consideration of ecosystem balances that produce these resources. From an economic point of view, the marine sector today constitutes a huge potential resource for community development, whose sustainable exploitation appears to be the ultimate objective of the European Blue Growth Strategy (BG). In the context of ecosystem services (ES), the assessment of natural capital cannot be separated from the integration of ecological data with the economic and socio-cultural ones, since by definition the ES have an anthropocentric focus, being considered direct and indirect contributions, that an ecosystem brings to human well-being. The assessment of the cultural ecosystem services (CES), often omitted in the cost-benefit impact studies, is receiving increasing interest from the scientific community in order to improve decision-making on environmental issues. In fact, they provide information on how the environmental changes and the benefits provided by ecosystems influence social well-being. Based on the above, it is interesting the analysis of the contribution of CESs in the evaluation of ES provided by coastal ecosystems which are responsible for producing a large proportion of essential goods and services to the human continuity. The economic quantification of the CES and the identification of the ecosystem hotspot is really important, especially in areas where these services are overlapping and potentially conflicting with anthropic use of environment.

During the pandemic, most governments around the world temporarily closed educational institutions to contain the spread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The objective of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of an e-learning course on COVID-19 transmission for healthcare university students, in order to advance the preparedness of healthcare university students against contracting COVID-19 within the general university population. The e-learning course was run using a free web service for education. Access to the course was limited to participants enrolled in degree courses related to healthcare professions within the Italian university system. A specific and validated questionnaire was administered at two different times (pre-test and post-test). A paired sample t-test was then used to evaluate their knowledge on COVID-19. Furthermore, a questionnaire measuring their satisfaction was distributed. Data were analyzed from a qualitative point of view. The course was made available from March to July 2020. Over 25,000 students from different Italian universities and various backgrounds participated in the course. The analysis of final test scores revealed that approximately 97% of participants acquired new knowledge and skills on COVID-19, with a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05). Therefore, it is possible to state that most students enrolled in degrees relating to healthcare at Italian universities are adequately trained with respect to COVID-19 knowledge. Furthermore, students declared a high satisfaction rate both with the course content, and with the management of the telematic platform used.