Suchergebnisse

During the pontificate of Pope Pius XII (1939 - 1958) the relations between the Holy See and the European communist countries were strained or severed. In such circumstances the trial of the Archbishop of Zagreb, Alojzije Stepinac, was held in the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (FPRY), ending in 1946 when he was sentenced to 16 years in prison. After serving a five-year prison sentence, Stepinac was given a choice to go to Rome or to serve the rest of the sentence under house arrest in his hometown of Krašić. After Stepinac was appointed cardinal in 1953, the FPRY severed diplomatic relations with the Holy See, and Stepinac lost the opportunity to go to Rome and take over the cardinal's insignia.
At the time Croatian Catholic priest Ivan Tomas was working at Vatican Radio in Rome. The result of Tomas's effort and the help of an American tourist of Slovenian origin, Frances Yenko Chilcoat, was an interesting and unusual journey of Stepinac's cardinal robe and its safe arrival to the territory of the FPRY in 1954. Yenko Chilcoat described her endeavour in a memoir entitled Smuggler for the Pope, published in 2006.
This paper will first explain the international political context of the time of her arrival from the United States of America to Europe and the church-state relations between the Holy See and the FPRY after World War II. Furthermore, the paper will verify the authenticity of Yenko Chilcoat's memoir and the credibility of her claims, analyse Tomas's role in the transfer of the cardinal robe, as well as the consequences of the cardinal robe coming into Stepinac's possession. Finally, a conclusion will be made about the meaning and the importance of Stepinac's cardinal robe transfer from Rome to the FPRY in the context of the contemporary church-state relations.

U članku se na temelju nekoliko izvora koji su dosad slabije korišteni u hrvatskoj historiografiji, poput brošure Ive Franka A revízió és a Horvátság (Hrvati i revizija), iznosi analiza Frankovih međuratnih stajališta o hrvatsko-mađarskim odnosima i Trianonskom ugovoru, uz popratnu historiografsku kontekstualizaciju. Cilj je rada ustanoviti razloge Frankova zaokreta od protumađarskoga političkog djelovanja prema sklonosti političkoj suradnji s Mađarima te prikazati njegovu viziju budućih hrvatsko-mađarskih odnosa u okviru srednjoeuropskoga prostora. Uz izvore i ostalu relevantnu literaturu, za potrebe analize problematike koja se iznosi u članku korištene su pojedine mađarske međuratne novine (Pester Lloyd i Pesti Napló) i periodičke publikacije (Budapesti Szemle i Magyar Szemle) pronađene na temelju pretraživanja digitalizirane građe. U prilogu rada donosi se cjelovit prijevod Frankove brošure s mađarskoga na hrvatski jezik.

Using several sources that have not been referred to often in Croatian historiography, such as Ivo Frank's brochure A revízió és a Horvátság (Croats and the Revision), this paper analyses Frank's interwar positions on Croatian-Hungarian relations and the Treaty of Trianon, with the accompanying historiographical contextualisation. Using an analytical approach, an attempt was made to determine the reasons why Frank abandoned his originally anti-Hungarian political activity in favour of political cooperation with the Hungarians, and to present his vision of future Croatian-Hungarian relations within the frame of Central Europe. As a politician active in the period before the collapse of Austria-Hungary, Frank was a typical Frankist Rightist, even participating in the famous tearing down of the Hungarian flag near the Zagreb railway station in 1895. However, due to the changed geopolitical situation, and following experiences gained in Graz and Vienna, and later while living in Budapest, he made a tactical manoeuvre in the post-war years, attempting to achieve the goals he had set down earlier. He believed that the Croatian Question in monarchist Yugoslavia, as well as the long-term foreign policy of a potential independent Croatian state, could hardly be resolved without cooperation with Hungary, which he considered the central factor of the Central European political order, and this can be clearly seen in the brochure A revízió és a Horvátság. In addition to the sources and other relevant literature, the analysis presented in the paper is based on certain Hungarian interwar newspapers (Pester Lloyd and Pesti Napló) and periodical publications (Budapesti Szemle and Magyar Szemle), which were found by searching digitised materials. The addendum contains a complete translation of Frank's brochure from Hungarian to Croatian. ; U članku se na temelju nekoliko izvora koji su dosad slabije korišteni u hrvatskoj historiografiji, poput brošure Ive Franka A revízió és a Horvátság (Hrvati i revizija), iznosi analiza ...