Suchergebnisse

The emergence & historical evolution of cultural policy in Japan are traced from the beginning of the modern nation-state through the present. In the Meiji era (1868-1911), the government was anxious to emulate the Western model of modernization, but limited its role to preserving or "reinventing" traditional Japanese culture based on Western concepts, including visual & fine arts. The private sector was active in bringing the arts & other forms of Western culture to Japan, as well as managing existing cultural resources & creating new opportunities for public culture & local artistic expression. Culture & the arts were considered important primarily for building national prestige rather than for their aesthetic value; high culture & private cultural enterprises were most valued, while theater & other forms of popular entertainment were discouraged as harmful to public morals. Government policy of the post-WWII period was characterized by a focus on the preservation of cultural monuments, artifacts, & techniques, followed by an emphasis on culture in the service of the public & national interest in the 1960s. The 1980s were characterized by a low level of direct patronage of the arts by either the government or private organizations. Today, there remains little serious support for popular culture or the culture industries, & most government & private support continues to be directed toward high culture & the importation of Western cultural forms. Cultural policy at the regional & national levels is compared & statistical data presented on patterns of public & private spending, 2000/01. 1 Figure, 20 References. K. Hyatt Stewart

The emergence & historical evolution of cultural policy in Japan are traced from the beginning of the modern nation-state through the present. In the Meiji era (1868-1911), the government was anxious to emulate the Western model of modernization, but limited its role to preserving or "reinventing" traditional Japanese culture based on Western concepts, including visual & fine arts. The private sector was active in bringing the arts & other forms of Western culture to Japan, as well as managing existing cultural resources & creating new opportunities for public culture & local artistic expression. Culture & the arts were considered important primarily for building national prestige rather than for their aesthetic value; high culture & private cultural enterprises were most valued, while theater & other forms of popular entertainment were discouraged as harmful to public morals. Government policy of the post-WWII period was characterized by a focus on the preservation of cultural monuments, artifacts, & techniques, followed by an emphasis on culture in the service of the public & national interest in the 1960s. The 1980s were characterized by a low level of direct patronage of the arts by either the government or private organizations. Today, there remains little serious support for popular culture or the culture industries, & most government & private support continues to be directed toward high culture & the importation of Western cultural forms. Cultural policy at the regional & national levels is compared & statistical data presented on patterns of public & private spending, 2000/01. 1 Figure, 20 References. K. Hyatt Stewart