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"Modernisation becomes a hegemonic ideology in Chinese society, while China faces enormous environmental problems. Investigative Journalism, Environmental Problems and Modernisation in China argues that investigative journalism has constructed a discourse of environmental risk that is in contrast with the discourse of modernisation encouraged by Chinese governments for over half a century. By constructing the discourse of environmental risk, investigative journalism exposes the true nature of modernisation on the one hand, and on the other hand, it reveals the connection between social and environmental injustice and inequality. The bifurcation between the two discourses reflects the rift between environment and modernisation as well as the divergence between people and the state. Investigative journalism demonstrates a counter-hegemonic force against the hegemonic discourse of modernisation to a certain extent. The book starts with an overview of the relationship between the emergence of environmental problems and China's modernisation and focuses on the agendas and practices of environmental investigative journalism, the discourse of environmental risk and the challenges and chances offered by the Internet"--

Introduction : understanding "watchdog journalism" in an authoritarian country -- Conceptualizing investigative journalism in China -- The flourishing of investigative journalism in the 1990s -- The fall of investigative journalism in the 21st century questioned -- Maintaining the legitimacy of Chinese journalism -- An organisational analysis : the case study of Southern metropolis daily -- Reporting on social riots : how investigative journalists tell stories -- Investigative journalism and the public -- Conclusion : investigative journalism as a reforming force.

A journalistic paradigm defines what journalism is, and what journalists should do, in relation to reporting news. Drawing from desk research and in-depth interviews with eighteen data journalists and experts in the United Kingdom, this article discusses the recent development and practices of data journalism in the United Kingdom and their implications for the journalistic paradigm, which involves the substantial use of interviewing. Embracing the opportunities provided by the datafication of society and the British government's open data initiative, UK news organizations have institutionalized and incorporated data journalism into their organizational structure. However, difficulties in practice have emerged, resulting from new, mostly ethically grounded issues surrounding data. Traditional journalistic practices, in particular interviewing and cross-checking, provide a useful, practical guide to solving related problems. The institutionalization of data journalism, as well as traditional journalistic methods and skills coming as a solution, assimilate data journalism into conventional journalistic practices, reinforcing – rather than undermining – the journalistic paradigm.

This article discusses the importance of emotions to China's public life and the way in which the Internet and news media channels have publicized emotional outbursts by the public in China in recent years. An agonistic public sphere is being formed, the basis of which is the expression of emotions, especially hatred, resentment, anger and compassion, both on the Internet and in the news media. As a result, conflicting interests are contested and paradoxes in society are exposed. This development is close to what radical democracy theories conceptualize as an agonistic public sphere. This emotional dimension in public life is a crucial means for China's subordinated citizens to strive to utilize resources to change the current hierarchy in society. The formation of an agonistic public sphere democratizes communication processes, opens a space for public participation and gives voice to the public who are otherwise silent. The expression of emotions has the potential to break down the Chinese Communist Party's hegemony. ; Peer-reviewed ; Post-print

This article examines what objectivity means to 15 environmental journalists at two Chinese newspapers and how this value guides their practices. It reveals that although objectivity is central to their journalistic ethos, the participants see it as ethical to organize reports within a framework arising from their personal judgments of news events. The appropriation and particular definition of the American journalistic norm of objectivity increases the participants' political safety and justifies them in playing their perceived role as guardians of society and educators. In so doing, they negotiate with other social actors and consolidate their cultural authority over defining reality. ; Peer-reviewed ; Post-print

Over recent years, the Western world has witnessed the (re-)rise of populism, which was marginal compared to the (once-)dominant ideologies of globalisation and European integration. This article examines the role played by the Twitter practices of politicians and the news media in mainstreaming populism through a case study of the 2016 Brexit referendum debates. The communicative freedom of politicians and the extensive attention given to them by users enabled the presenting of populist arguments as a legitimate part of debates about the referendum. The news media paid overwhelming attention to politicians and focused on the issues of immigration and the economy in their tweets, creating the sphere of legitimate controversy where populist arguments appeared in parallel with those supporting globalisation and European integration. In this case, the Twitter practices of British politicians and the news media led to the extensive – but largely uncritical – presence and articulation of populist claims on Twitter. Their strong presence alongside pro-EU and pro-globalisation arguments gave these populist perspectives a central place in the debates on the referendum. The mainstreaming of populism through the Twitter practices of politicians and the news media is inextricably linked with, and thus needs to be understood within, the broader context of rising populism where the (once-)dominant ideologies of globalisation and European integration are in decline.

This article, based on a computer-assisted analysis of Weibo communications about two recent 'mass incidents' in China, offers a model for understanding online communication's influence on government legitimacy. This study explores the discourse of Weibo discussions on social protests and what impacts this discourse may have on the legitimacy of Chinese government in the digital environment. The Weibo discourses on the two mass incidents suggest two modes of online communication: one-way communication, where local residents have taken the initiative and two-way communication, initiated by both local residents and national elites. Different themes the discourses have touched suggest different types and levels of impacts Weibo discussions have on government legitimacy. More precisely, the discourse in which there is a critique of the current national political system in China is more challenging to government legitimacy than the one in which there are only demands for local changes. The online discourse about the Haimen incident on Weibo even can be seen as reinforcing government legitimacy. Therefore, the impact of online communication on government legitimacy is relative and depends on specific cases. To understand the power of online communication requires us to analyse the nature of online discourses about specific cases and then examine them within external social and political contexts and by comparing them with one another. Contextual dynamics such as social problems and tensions can function as an indicator for understanding the type and level of impact of online communication on government legitimacy. © 2013 © 2013 Taylor & Francis. ; Peer-reviewed ; Post-print