Suchergebnisse

The natural resources (oil, coal, natural gas) are insufficient to satisfy the needs of the people for electric and heating energy because sources of fossil fuels are limited. Emission of large quantities of carbon-dioxide into the atmosphere, in the course of combustion processes of solid and liquid fuels have been disrupting the environment. The future lies in the renewable energy sources (RES) surrounding us. The rapid rise of crude oil prices in the early 70-ies of 20th Century focused global attention to the need for efficient use and finding new sources of energy. In addition, energy consumption is growing dramatically in developed countries. EIA expects that demand for energy will grow by 56% between 2010 and 2040 (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2016). In order to overcome the problems caused by the constant rise in the global population, rapid exploitation of many natural resources, increase of pollution and climate change, the World and Europe must radically change their approach to the production, processing, consumption, storage, recycling and disposal of biological wastes. European 2020 strategy indicates bioeconomy as a key element for sustainable and 'green' development in the region (European Commission, 2012). Bioeconomy includes sustainable production of renewable biological resources and their conversion into food, biofuels, bioenergy and bioproducts (eg. bioplastics, biopesticides, etc.). It includes agriculture, forestry, fisheries, food and paper production, as well as part of the chemical, biotechnological and energy industries. Agriculture is a major consumer but also can become energy producer. Bearing in mind the amount of biomass produced, and the possibilities for its utilization, the negligible amount of biomass that is currently used as an energy source. An important feature is that biomass combustion is not an increased content of CO2 in the atmosphere, as the ecological point of view is very important. The necessity of integrated approach to the biomass policy is given special importance. Biomass is preferred to other sources of renewable energy, due to the increase in the alternative sources of income it provides to the farmers, and the development of the regional economic structures. It is expected that throughout Europe a new 'energy producing' division of agriculture is about to unfold, which, in close cooperation with the energy producing and service providing sections of the national economy, may greatly contribute to the reduction of the energy shortage, while finding new sources of income. Usage of biomass, which is mostly the agricultural waste, would reduce demand of the country for import of fuels, would promote environment protection, and the economy would prosper, which would contribute to the sustainable development of society. At this study the sources of biomass and its potential will be described, as well as energy from agricultural biomass, with special emphasis on the situation and potential of Slovakia and Serbia in biomass. The possibilities of the use of alternative renewable energy sources were considered, such as biodiesel, biogas and bioethanol. Also the opportunities for development and implementation of the second, third and fourth generation biofuels are listed. The study included both positive and negative impacts of the production and use of renewable energy from agricultural biomass (biofuels) compared to the fossil fuels.

Although regulated by law and other policies knowledge transfer in animal sciences (zootechnics) is rather limited after students' graduation from the Faculty of Agriculture. There is a lack of courses for professional development of teachers from agricultural middle schools, including those teaching subjects in animal sciences. There is as well a need of permanent improvement and upgrading of courses and trainings created for advisors in agricultural advisory services. The TEMPUS CaSA project objective is to contribute to the improvement of agricultural education to meet the needs of Serbian society. CaSA foresees: upgrading quality and availability of vocational agricultural education by strengthening professional and pedagogical competences of educators (University teachers, secondary school teachers, advisors) and creation of the repository for courses and additional contents important for agricultural education. Improvement of agricultural education will be achieved by introducing trainings in active teaching learning (ATL), communication skills, e-learning, together with newest knowledge emerging from research activities incorporated in vocational courses. Creation of the National Repository for Agricultural Education (NaRA), will enable networking of all stakeholders in agricultural education and assure sustainability. In addition, among 13 project partners, the Ministry of education is a compulsory partner for Structural Measures TEMPUS projects. This is important for recognition of the National repository by relevant state authorities. Online courses and teaching material, live stream trainings, results from the research projects, and different data bases will be available in NaRA after project life-time.

Snail farming is a type of sustainable animal production, which could become an important source of incomes for the country, and prevent further exhaustion of natural snail populations. It has raised considerable public attention in Serbia. There are over 350 newly registered snail farms that have started production in the past couple of years. The idea of snail farming in Serbia is strongly and erroneously influenced by media, often presented as an low investment cycle, low manpower, and a very advantageous side activity. On the other hand export of snails collected from natural populations has been very profitable in the past decade despite the economic blockade of the country during the 90s. In this paper, beginnings of snail farming in Serbia, problems of investments, production and protection technology, and marketing are discussed. The need of regulation is pointed out.

Snail farming is a type of sustainable animal production, which could become an important source of incomes for the country, and prevent further exhaustion of natural snail populations. It has raised considerable public attention in Serbia. There are over 350 newly registered snail farms that have started production in the past couple of years. The idea of snail farming in Serbia is strongly and erroneously influenced by media, often presented as an low investment cycle, low manpower, and a very advantageous side activity. On the other hand export of snails collected from natural populations has been very profitable in the past decade despite the economic blockade of the country during the 90s. In this paper, beginnings of snail farming in Serbia, problems of investments, production and protection technology, and marketing are discussed. The need of regulation is pointed out.

Serbian intention for membership in EU requires adoption of overall agricultural system according to the conditions of EU, making the own agricultural policy compatible to the common agricultural policy of EU. Creating of prosperous position for equal competition on international market is one of the main topics. Many of the recent analyses show that the most important issue for solving of this problem is decrement of agricultural mechanization application expenses. Starting from this, in this paper are analyzed production potentials of the Serbian agriculture, considering prosperous conditions for organized using of agricultural machinery in purpose of decreasing expenses as well as total expenses of the agricultural production, e.g. products otal expenses. ; Opredeljenje Srbije da postane član EU, nalaže prilagođavanje ukupnog agrarnog sistema uslovima EU, čineći svoju agrarnu politiku kompatibilnom sa zajedničkom agrarnom politikom EU. Stvaranje povoljne pozicije za ravnopravan ulazak u konkurentsku borbu na međunarodnom tržištu jedan je od glavnih zadataka. Mnoge dosadašnje analize i radovi ukazuju da je u rešavanju ovog zadataka najznačajnije snižavanje troškova primene sredstava mehanizacije. Polazeći od toga, u radu se analiziraju proizvodni potencijali poljoprivrede Srbije, radi sagledavanja pogodnosti uslova za organizovano korišćenje sredstava poljoprivredne tehnike u cilju smanjenja troškova njihove primene, a time i troškova ukupne poljoprivredne proizvodnje, odnosno cene koštanja poljoprivrednih proizvoda.

Serbian intention for membership in EU requires adoption of overall agricultural system according to the conditions of EU, making the own agricultural policy compatible to the common agricultural policy of EU. Creating of prosperous position for equal competition on international market is one of the main topics. Many of the recent analyses show that the most important issue for solving of this problem is decrement of agricultural mechanization application expenses. Starting from this, in this paper are analyzed production potentials of the Serbian agriculture, considering prosperous conditions for organized using of agricultural machinery in purpose of decreasing expenses as well as total expenses of the agricultural production, e.g. products otal expenses. ; Opredeljenje Srbije da postane član EU, nalaže prilagođavanje ukupnog agrarnog sistema uslovima EU, čineći svoju agrarnu politiku kompatibilnom sa zajedničkom agrarnom politikom EU. Stvaranje povoljne pozicije za ravnopravan ulazak u konkurentsku borbu na međunarodnom tržištu jedan je od glavnih zadataka. Mnoge dosadašnje analize i radovi ukazuju da je u rešavanju ovog zadataka najznačajnije snižavanje troškova primene sredstava mehanizacije. Polazeći od toga, u radu se analiziraju proizvodni potencijali poljoprivrede Srbije, radi sagledavanja pogodnosti uslova za organizovano korišćenje sredstava poljoprivredne tehnike u cilju smanjenja troškova njihove primene, a time i troškova ukupne poljoprivredne proizvodnje, odnosno cene koštanja poljoprivrednih proizvoda.

The paper analyzes the possibility and the needs for the use of specific types of robots (mini unmanned aircraft with different designs and the designation of UAVs) and the possibility of using in agriculture (agrodrone). The year 2015 was proclaimed (Fortune Magazine, 2016) as the year of increasing and widespread use of UAVs in various areas of human activity, especially in agriculture and forestry (75% of use). This is important for large farm areas, where UAV has many useful functions and a very cost-effective commercial application. Today, the needs for UAVs have increased sharply with various opportunities for both civilian and military needs. There is also a significant interest in the development of new drones that can autonomously fly in different environments and locations and can perform various missions and tasks. Over the past decade, a wide range of applications for drones has gained the significance that led to the discovery of various types of unmanned UAVs of different sizes and weights. In this review, the classification of UAVs ranging based on a detailed overview of the development of the drone industry in recent years, this paper demonstrates the evolution of drones and differents application technologies. Of course, this development is very advanced and revolutionary, as well as the development of mobile and smart phones and the Internet, which will open the way for many users to participate in defining the future of UAV implementation. LIVONA Company, Belgrade, Serbia (and Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade, in tehnical cooperation) has a study and plans on the implementation of the model micro drone EBee SQ Livona RTK in the future general plans for inspection of protection Soils of territory Minicipality of Stara Pazova (351 km2), and agricultural company Napredak, and exspecially plans for soils of agriculture of R. Serbia. VEKOM GeoCompany from Belgrade, (in cooperation with Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in ...

The paper analyzes the possibility and the needs for the use of specific types of robots (mini unmanned aircraft with different designs and the designation of UAVs) and the possibility of using in agriculture (agrodrone). The year 2015 was proclaimed (Fortune Magazine, 2016) as the year of increasing and widespread use of UAVs in various areas of human activity, especially in agriculture and forestry (75% of use). This is important for large farm areas, where UAV has many useful functions and a very cost-effective commercial application. Today, the needs for UAVs have increased sharply with various opportunities for both civilian and military needs. There is also a significant interest in the development of new drones that can autonomously fly in different environments and locations and can perform various missions and tasks. Over the past decade, a wide range of applications for drones has gained the significance that led to the discovery of various types of unmanned UAVs of different sizes and weights. In this review, the classification of UAVs ranging based on a detailed overview of the development of the drone industry in recent years, this paper demonstrates the evolution of drones and differents application technologies. Of course, this development is very advanced and revolutionary, as well as the development of mobile and smart phones and the Internet, which will open the way for many users to participate in defining the future of UAV implementation. LIVONA Company, Belgrade, Serbia (and Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade, in tehnical cooperation) has a study and plans on the implementation of the model micro drone EBee SQ Livona RTK in the future general plans for inspection of protection Soils of territory Minicipality of Stara Pazova (351 km2), and agricultural company Napredak, and exspecially plans for soils of agriculture of R. Serbia. VEKOM GeoCompany from Belgrade, (in cooperation with Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade), has a study and plans on the implementation of the model of the drone Aibot KX6 model, in the future of application of agricultural soils of region Open pit Kolubara for area from app. 600 km2 and the other soils of Region). Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade, in cooperation with Municipality of Ub, has a study and plans on the implementation of the model micro drone Hubsan H109S X4 PRO in the future plans general inspection of protection Soils and Waters of territory of Municipality Ub (456 km2). ; U radu su analizirane mogućnosti i potrebe upotrebe specifičnih vrsta robota (mini bespilotnih letelica sa različitim dizajnom, o značane kao UAV) i način korištenja u poljoprivredi (agrodron). Časopis Fortune je 2015.godinu proglasio kao godinu sve većeg i široko rasprostranjene upotrbe UAV letelica, u različitim oblastima ljudske delatnosti, posebno u poljoprivredi i šumarstvu (75% upotrebe). Ovo je naročito važno za velike farme i oblasti pod šumama, gde UAV ima mnogo korisnih funkcija i veoma isplative komercijalne aplikacije. Danas, potrebe za UAV imaju nagli porast sa različitim mogućnostima kako za civilne tako i za vojne potrebe. Takođe postoji značajan interes za razvoj novih bespilotnih letelica koji mogu autonomno leteti u različitim okruženjima i lokacijama i obaviti različite misije i zadatke. Tokom protekle decenije XXI veka, širok spektar aplikacija za bespilotne letelice je dobio značaj koji je doveo do konstrukcija različitih tipova bespilotnih UAV, različitih veličina i težina i svakako namene. Naravno , tehnološki razvoj kod dron sistema je veoma tehničko -tehnološki napredan i revolucionaran, uz razvoj mobilnih i pametnih (android) telefona i interneta, brzo otvora puteve i mogućnosti za mnoge korisnike u definisanju nove budućnosti implementacije UAV različitim oblastima primene. Kompanija Livona d.o.o., Beograd i Institut za poljoprivrednu tehniku, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Beogradu, u tehničkoj saradnji imaju planove o implementaciji modela mikro drona EBee SK Livona RTK u narednim generalnim planovima za inspekciju, zaštitu i korišćenje poljoprivrednih zemljišta Republike Srbije, i posebno teritorije Opštine Stara Pazova (351 km2), gde je posebno mesto poljoprivrednog preduzeća Napredak a.d. VekomGeo d.o.o, Beograd u saradnji sa Institutom za poljoprivrednu tehniku Poljoprivrednog fakulteta u Beogradu ima planove o budućoj upotrebi drona model Aibot X6, za nadzor na površinama od 600 km2 (i poljoprivredna zemljišta) otvorenog kopa R.B. Kolubara ili drugih objekata. Institut za poljoprivrednu tehniku, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Beogradu, ima planove o saradnji sa opštino m Ub, zbog upotrebe modela mikro drona Hubsan H109S Ks4 PRO u inspekciji oko zaštite i načina korišćenja zemljišta i vo da na ovoj teritoriji (456 km2).