Suchergebnisse

Statistics and quantitative methods are brought to life for social science students in this tutorial course. This revised edition provides an overview of entry- and intermediate-level statistics, and the material on the accompanying website provides extensive practice. Both the text and the website are structured to make learning self-directed, thus numerous worked examples, exercises, activities and tests are included. The emphasis, throughout, is on practice. Students are expected to engage with the material and experience multiple aspects of data and statistical analysis. Most of the tutorials include detailed examples of how to conduct analyses in Microsoft Excel, SPSS, or R.

Abstract
When looking for a crime suspect, the police may ask an eyewitness to construct a visual likeness ('facial composite') of the perpetrator, to be distributed to the public via newspaper articles, television programmes, or social media. The dissemination of facial composites can have a major impact on police investigations. It often results in a deluge of tips and could potentially influence the memory of other eyewitnesses in the case. In this article, we review research on how to interview eyewitnesses for the optimal construction of facial composites from memory. We discuss types of composite systems and their effectiveness, including the 'gold standard' of measuring effectiveness. We compare the question posed to the public when a facial composite is disseminated to face-matching tasks faced by immigration officials and store clerks, but then with the added difficulty of the image being a composite of unknown resemblance to the target. We also discuss the potential danger of composites contaminating other eyewitnesses' memory, highlighting the lessons learnt from research on unconscious transference. We pose several challenges for future researchers and practitioners. We conclude that evidence-based guidance is lacking to inform the police on whether and how to use facial composites in their investigations.

This article explores the idea that racial segregation is a process operating across a range of scales of social life. The focus is upon the way segregation unfolds and is (re)produced at what can be termed the `micro-ecological' scale—that is, in the everyday, interpersonal interactions between people in informal settings. To illustrate this argument, a case study is presented of relations in the night-time economy of Long Street, Cape Town. It is shown how such relations comprise micro-ecological practices of contact and isolation that occur at levels of resolution seldom captured by segregation research.

We report on a study that investigated sexual harassment within the South African Navy. We firstly used a survey to examine the prevalence of sexual harassment in the shore-based fleet, just prior to the gender integration of naval ships, and found evidence of widespread sexual harassment. Secondly, we used interviews and focus groups to examine the experiences of sexual harassment on ships one year after gender integration, and found a relative absence of sexual harassment. A number of contributing factors are considered (e.g. methodological issues, organisational factors, contextual constructions of masculinity), before informal mechanisms of behaviour regulation (e.g. the enactment of informal discipline, and sailors' use of metaphors) are introduced as mechanisms to understand the differences between the survey and interview findings. We argue that using divergent methodological approaches would lead to a more nuanced understanding of the experiences around sexual harassment on navy ships.

Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. Using life course analysis from the Young Lives study of 12,000 children growing up in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam over the past 15 years, this book draws on evidence on two cohorts of children, aged from 1 to 15 and from 8 to 22. It examines how poverty affects children's development in low and middle income countries, and how policy has been used to improve their lives, then goes on to show when key developmental differences occur. It uses new evidence to develop a framework of what matters most and when and outlines effective policy approaches to inform the no-one left behind Sustainable Development Goal agenda.

Improving Intergroup Relations focuses on emerging research directions for improving intergroup relations, a field which has been largely influenced and inspired by the life contributions of Thomas F. Pettigrew. The bookContains 18 original articles written in an accessible style by experts in psychology and related disciplines Suggests practical strategies for improving intergroup relations Looks at intergroup relations from the early influence of Dr. Pettigrew and how his seminal work has fostered many new developments in the field Explores the implications of intergroup research for the pro